The Need for Alternative Therapy

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 107 views

Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activity Tests from Temuru Leaf Particles Nano: A Promising Alternative for Diabetes Treatment

Introduction

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a global concern, with the World Health Organization (WHO) predicting the number of sufferers will continue to increase in 2030, including in Indonesia. Antidiabetic therapy such as roots, which is used for type II DM, has side effects that need attention. Therefore, the use of natural products as an alternative therapy shows effectiveness and has smaller side effects. While the application of nano technology in the medical field is growing, the use of this technology in Temuru leaves (Murraya Koenigigii) is still rarely heard.

The Need for Alternative Therapy

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The increasing prevalence of DM has led to a growing demand for effective and safe treatment options. Conventional antidiabetic therapies, such as metformin and sulfonylureas, have side effects that can be severe and even life-threatening. Therefore, there is a need for alternative therapies that are effective and have fewer side effects.

The Potential of Temuru Leaves

Temuru leaves (Murraya Koenigigii) have been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat various ailments, including diabetes. The leaves contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to have hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities. The use of nano technology in Temuru leaves has the potential to enhance their bioavailability and efficacy, making them a promising alternative for diabetes treatment.

Research Methodology

This study aims to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves, as well as comparing hypoglycemic activity and measuring antioxidant activity from both formulations. The study used a rat model of diabetes induced by allocane through intraperitoneal injection (150 mg/kg BW). The rats were divided into three groups: diabetic control, nano particles, and ethanol extract. The blood glucose levels were measured using a glucotest, and the cholesterol levels were analyzed using enzymatic colorimetric methods. The antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH technique (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl).

Results and Discussion

The results of the study showed that both nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves can reduce blood glucose levels in mice. The decrease in fasting blood glucose levels in the group of mice given nano particles and Temuru leaf ethanol extract was significant compared to the diabetic control group, with a p value of 0.003 and 0.002 (p <0.05) respectively. The analysis of antioxidant activity showed that the IC50 value (concentration needed to inhibit 50% of activity) of Temuru leaf ethanol extract is 34.16 ppm, while for nano particles are 324.43 ppm. This shows that ethanol extract is more effective as an antioxidant agent than nano particles.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the study, both nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves can reduce blood glucose levels in mice. Blood glucose levels in DM mice affect their total cholesterol levels. In addition, the antioxidant activity of nano particles is still lower compared to ethanol extract. This study provides recommendations for further exploration of the use of Temuru leaves in the treatment of diabetes with a nano technology approach, which has the potential to be a safer and more effective alternative than conventional therapy.

Future Directions

This study provides a promising alternative for diabetes treatment using Temuru leaves with nano technology. Further studies are needed to explore the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of diabetes, including the optimization of nano particle size and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy in humans. Additionally, the study of the bioactive compounds present in Temuru leaves and their mechanisms of action can provide valuable insights into the development of new antidiabetic therapies.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Further studies are needed to explore the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of diabetes.
The optimization of nano particle size and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy in humans are necessary.
The study of the bioactive compounds present in Temuru leaves and their mechanisms of action can provide valuable insights into the development of new antidiabetic therapies.
The use of Temuru leaves with nano technology has the potential to be a safer and more effective alternative than conventional therapy for diabetes treatment.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted in a rat model of diabetes, which may not be representative of human diabetes.
The study only evaluated the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves.
The study did not evaluate the safety and efficacy of Temuru leaves with nano technology in humans.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

The optimization of nano particle size and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy in humans.
The study of the bioactive compounds present in Temuru leaves and their mechanisms of action.
The evaluation of the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of other diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
The development of new antidiabetic therapies using Temuru leaves with nano technology.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides a promising alternative for diabetes treatment using Temuru leaves with nano technology. Further studies are needed to explore the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of diabetes, including the optimization of nano particle size and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy in humans. The study of the bioactive compounds present in Temuru leaves and their mechanisms of action can provide valuable insights into the development of new antidiabetic therapies.
Q&A: Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activity Tests from Temuru Leaf Particles Nano

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves, as well as comparing hypoglycemic activity and measuring antioxidant activity from both formulations.

Q: What is Temuru leaf?

A: Temuru leaf (Murraya Koenigigii) is a plant that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat various ailments, including diabetes. The leaves contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to have hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities.

Q: What is nano technology?

A: Nano technology is a field of science that deals with the manipulation of matter on a very small scale, typically in the range of 1-100 nanometers. In the context of this study, nano technology is used to create particles that are smaller than 100 nanometers in size.

Q: How were the nano particles and ethanol extracts prepared?

A: The nano particles were prepared using a milling method, while the ethanol extracts were prepared using a maceration technique.

Q: What was the experimental design of the study?

A: The study used a rat model of diabetes induced by allocane through intraperitoneal injection (150 mg/kg BW). The rats were divided into three groups: diabetic control, nano particles, and ethanol extract. The blood glucose levels were measured using a glucotest, and the cholesterol levels were analyzed using enzymatic colorimetric methods.

Q: What were the results of the study?

A: The results of the study showed that both nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves can reduce blood glucose levels in mice. The decrease in fasting blood glucose levels in the group of mice given nano particles and Temuru leaf ethanol extract was significant compared to the diabetic control group, with a p value of 0.003 and 0.002 (p <0.05) respectively.

Q: What was the antioxidant activity of the nano particles and ethanol extracts?

A: The analysis of antioxidant activity showed that the IC50 value (concentration needed to inhibit 50% of activity) of Temuru leaf ethanol extract is 34.16 ppm, while for nano particles are 324.43 ppm. This shows that ethanol extract is more effective as an antioxidant agent than nano particles.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: This study provides a promising alternative for diabetes treatment using Temuru leaves with nano technology. Further studies are needed to explore the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of diabetes, including the optimization of nano particle size and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy in humans.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted in a rat model of diabetes, which may not be representative of human diabetes.
The study only evaluated the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of nano particles and ethanol extracts from Temuru leaves.
The study did not evaluate the safety and efficacy of Temuru leaves with nano technology in humans.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research directions include:

The optimization of nano particle size and the evaluation of their safety and efficacy in humans.
The study of the bioactive compounds present in Temuru leaves and their mechanisms of action.
The evaluation of the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of other diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
The development of new antidiabetic therapies using Temuru leaves with nano technology.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include:

The development of new antidiabetic therapies using Temuru leaves with nano technology.
The evaluation of the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of other diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
The development of new antioxidant agents using Temuru leaves with nano technology.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include:

The development of new and effective treatments for diabetes.
The evaluation of the potential of Temuru leaves in the treatment of other diseases.
The development of new antioxidant agents using Temuru leaves with nano technology.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include:

The potential for adverse effects of Temuru leaves with nano technology in humans.
The potential for Temuru leaves with nano technology to interact with other medications.
The potential for Temuru leaves with nano technology to have unintended consequences.