The Relationship Between Eating Patterns and Physical Activity with the Incidence of Obesity in Traders in the Mandala Market in Deli Serdang Regency in 2023
Introduction
Obesity is a growing concern worldwide, and Indonesia is no exception. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of obesity in adults (over 18 years) increased from 14.8 percent in 2013 to 21.8 percent in 2018. In North Sumatra Province, the prevalence of obesity reached 25.7 percent, while for overweight body reached 14.8 percent. This study aims to determine the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of obesity in traders in the Mandala Market, Deli Serdang Regency.
Background
Obesity is a condition in which the ratio between body weight and height exceeds the predetermined standards. It is a complex issue that involves multiple factors, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle. In Indonesia, the prevalence of obesity is increasing, and it is essential to identify the underlying causes to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Methodology
This study used a correlation analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consists of 72 random selected traders using simple random sampling techniques. Data collection is done through weight and height measurement, as well as interviews using food recall forms, food consumption frequencies, and physical activity levels.
Results
The results showed that of 72 traders, as many as 56 people or 77.8 percent experienced obesity. Of these, 54 traders have a poor diet, which covers 96.4 percent, and 53 traders have a low level of physical activity, reaching 94.6 percent. The Chi-Square statistical test shows the P value of 0.001 (p <0.05) for the dietary pattern variable, which indicates a significant relationship between diet and obesity. Meanwhile, for physical activity, a p-value was obtained by 0.004 (p <0.05), which also showed a relationship between physical activity and obesity among traders.
Discussion
Poor eating patterns and lack of physical activity are two main factors that contribute to increasing obesity cases, especially among traders in the Mandala Market. Traders often face challenges in maintaining healthy eating patterns due to limited time, stress, and market environment that is less supportive. For example, many traders who choose fast food or high calories because they are practical, while access to healthy food may be limited.
On the other hand, low physical activity is another significant risk factor. Many traders spend their time in a kiosk or place of sale without involving themselves in sufficient physical activities. This minimal physical activity, coupled with consumption of unhealthy foods, can cause excess fat accumulation and ultimately lead to obesity.
Conclusion
The results of this study highlight the importance of collaboration between traders, health agencies, and market supervisors to prevent and promote healthy lifestyle among traders. Through preventive and promotive efforts, traders are expected to better understand the importance of balanced diet and exercise regularly. For example, an educational program on nutrition and fitness can be applied in markets to increase traders' awareness about the importance of maintaining health.
Recommendations
By changing eating habits and increasing the level of physical activity, not only the health of traders will be maintained, but will also have a positive impact on their productivity and quality of life. Therefore, all parties need to work together to encourage a healthy lifestyle among traders and the surrounding community.
Future Research Directions
This study provides a foundation for future research on the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of obesity in traders. Future studies can explore the effectiveness of educational programs on nutrition and fitness in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders. Additionally, research can be conducted to identify the specific factors that contribute to poor eating patterns and lack of physical activity among traders.
Limitations
This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size is relatively small, and the study only focuses on traders in the Mandala Market. Future studies can include a larger sample size and explore the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of obesity in other populations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of collaboration between traders, health agencies, and market supervisors to prevent and promote healthy lifestyle among traders. By changing eating habits and increasing the level of physical activity, not only the health of traders will be maintained, but will also have a positive impact on their productivity and quality of life. Therefore, all parties need to work together to encourage a healthy lifestyle among traders and the surrounding community.
References
World Health Organization. (2018). Obesity and overweight.
Ministry of Health of Indonesia. (2018). Prevalence of obesity in Indonesia.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Obesity and physical activity.
Appendix
Table 1: Demographic characteristics of the sample
Table 2: Eating patterns and physical activity levels among traders
Table 3: Chi-Square statistical test results
Figure 1: Prevalence of obesity among traders
Figure 2: Relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of obesity among tradersFrequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Relationship Between Eating Patterns and Physical Activity with the Incidence of Obesity in Traders in the Mandala Market in Deli Serdang Regency in 2023
Q: What is the main objective of this study?
A: The main objective of this study is to determine the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of obesity in traders in the Mandala Market, Deli Serdang Regency.
Q: What is the prevalence of obesity among traders in the Mandala Market?
A: The results of this study showed that of 72 traders, as many as 56 people or 77.8 percent experienced obesity.
Q: What are the main factors that contribute to increasing obesity cases among traders in the Mandala Market?
A: The main factors that contribute to increasing obesity cases among traders in the Mandala Market are poor eating patterns and lack of physical activity.
Q: What are some of the challenges that traders face in maintaining healthy eating patterns?
A: Traders often face challenges in maintaining healthy eating patterns due to limited time, stress, and market environment that is less supportive.
Q: What is the relationship between physical activity and obesity among traders in the Mandala Market?
A: The results of this study showed a significant relationship between physical activity and obesity among traders in the Mandala Market.
Q: What are some of the recommendations for promoting healthy lifestyle among traders in the Mandala Market?
A: Some of the recommendations for promoting healthy lifestyle among traders in the Mandala Market include changing eating habits and increasing the level of physical activity.
Q: What is the importance of collaboration between traders, health agencies, and market supervisors in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders?
A: Collaboration between traders, health agencies, and market supervisors is essential in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders. Through preventive and promotive efforts, traders are expected to better understand the importance of balanced diet and exercise regularly.
Q: What are some of the future research directions in this area?
A: Some of the future research directions in this area include exploring the effectiveness of educational programs on nutrition and fitness in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders, and identifying the specific factors that contribute to poor eating patterns and lack of physical activity among traders.
Q: What are some of the limitations of this study?
A: Some of the limitations of this study include the relatively small sample size and the study only focuses on traders in the Mandala Market.
Q: What are some of the implications of this study for public health policy and practice?
A: The results of this study have implications for public health policy and practice, particularly in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders and the surrounding community.
Q: What are some of the recommendations for traders, health agencies, and market supervisors in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders?
A: Some of the recommendations for traders, health agencies, and market supervisors in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders include:
Traders: Change eating habits and increase the level of physical activity.
Health agencies: Provide educational programs on nutrition and fitness, and promote healthy lifestyle among traders.
Market supervisors: Create a supportive market environment that encourages healthy lifestyle among traders.
Q: What are some of the future directions for research in this area?
A: Some of the future directions for research in this area include exploring the effectiveness of different interventions in promoting healthy lifestyle among traders, and identifying the specific factors that contribute to poor eating patterns and lack of physical activity among traders.