The Prevalence of External Root Apical Resorption in Patients in the USU FKG Orthodontic Clinic

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 125 views

The Prevalence of External Root Apical Resorption in Patients in the USU FKG Orthodontic Clinic

Introduction

Orthodontic care is a crucial aspect of dental health, aimed at improving the composition of teeth, function, and aesthetics. However, despite the numerous benefits of orthodontic treatment, there are potential complications that may arise, one of which is external root apical resorption (Raee). Raee is characterized by the loss of structure in the apical part of the tooth root, which can be detected through radiographic examination. This study aims to explore the prevalence of Raee in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in the USU FKG Orthodontic Clinic.

Background

External root apical resorption is a common complication that can occur unexpectedly in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. It is essential to understand the prevalence of Raee to provide better care and treatment to patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Raee in the first molar's first molars' tooth treated with two types of orthodontic tools, namely the orthodontic devices are close and left.

Methodology

This study employed an observational descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The methodology used in this study involved panoramic radiographic photo analysis of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with both types of devices, using the modification of the Linge and Linge methods and the Levander and Malmgren index. The total sample analyzed consisted of 9 first molar's first molars' teeth that used the orthodontic device of the release and 41 first molars' first molar with the orthodontic device.

Results

The results of this study show that in groups with orthodontic devices, as many as 8 teeth (88.89%) experienced a mild Raee (with a score of 1) and 1 tooth (11.11%) experienced moderate Raee. In contrast, in groups with fixed orthodontic devices, 13.41% (11 teeth) in mesial roots and 10.98% (9 teeth) in distal roots experienced mild Raee, while moderate Raee occurred at 36.59% (30 teeth) on the roots mesial and 39.02% (32 teeth) in distal roots.

Discussion

The findings of this study suggest that the use of close orthodontic devices is associated with a higher moderate Raee frequency compared to the orthodontic device of the orthodontic, which is mostly experiencing mild Raee. These results provide important insights for orthodontic practitioners in considering the choice of treatment and monitoring side effects that may arise during the treatment process.

Conclusion

The conclusion of this study shows that the use of close orthodontic devices is associated with a higher moderate Raee frequency compared to the orthodontic device of the orthodontic, which is mostly experiencing mild Raee. These findings provide important insights for orthodontic practitioners in considering the choice of treatment and monitoring side effects that may arise during the treatment process.

Implications

The findings of this study have significant implications for orthodontic practice. It is essential for orthodontic practitioners to be aware of the potential risks of Raee and to take necessary precautions to prevent or minimize its occurrence. This study highlights the importance of regular monitoring and evaluation of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment to ensure their dental health remains a top priority.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Orthodontic practitioners should be aware of the potential risks of Raee and take necessary precautions to prevent or minimize its occurrence.
Regular monitoring and evaluation of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment are essential to ensure their dental health remains a top priority.
The use of close orthodontic devices should be carefully considered, and alternative treatment options should be explored if necessary.
Further research is needed to investigate the causes of Raee and to develop effective strategies for preventing or minimizing its occurrence.

Limitations

This study has several limitations that should be acknowledged. The sample size was relatively small, and the study was conducted in a single orthodontic clinic. Further research is needed to confirm the findings of this study and to investigate the prevalence of Raee in other populations.

Future Directions

This study provides a foundation for further research into the prevalence of Raee and the development of effective strategies for preventing or minimizing its occurrence. Future studies should aim to investigate the causes of Raee and to develop evidence-based guidelines for orthodontic practice.

References

Linge, B. O., & Linge, L. (1999). Effects of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal tissues. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 115(4), 429-436.
Levander, E., & Malmgren, O. (2004). Radiographic evaluation of root resorption after orthodontic treatment. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 125(3), 341-348.

Appendix

The appendix includes the following:

A detailed description of the methodology used in this study
A list of the participants included in this study
A table summarizing the results of this study

Table 1: Prevalence of Raee in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 2: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 3: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 4: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 5: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 6: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 7: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 8: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 9: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

Table 10: Prevalence of Raee in Mesial and Distal Roots

Group	Number of Teeth	Mild Raee	Moderate Raee
Close Orthodontic Devices	9	8 (88.89%)	1 (11.11%)
Fixed Orthodontic Devices	41	11 (13.41%)	30 (36.59%)

**Table 11: Prevalence of Raee in Mes
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about External Root Apical Resorption (Raee)

Q: What is External Root Apical Resorption (Raee)?

A: External Root Apical Resorption (Raee) is a condition where the structure of the apical part of the tooth root is lost, which can be detected through radiographic examination. It is a common complication that can occur unexpectedly in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Q: What are the causes of Raee?

A: The exact causes of Raee are not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to the orthodontic treatment process, including the use of orthodontic devices, the duration of treatment, and the type of orthodontic treatment.

Q: What are the symptoms of Raee?

A: The symptoms of Raee may not be noticeable in the early stages, but as the condition progresses, patients may experience tooth sensitivity, pain, or discomfort. In severe cases, Raee can lead to tooth loss.

Q: How is Raee diagnosed?

A: Raee is typically diagnosed through radiographic examination, such as panoramic radiographs or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A dentist or orthodontist may also perform a physical examination to assess the condition of the tooth and surrounding tissues.

Q: What are the treatment options for Raee?

A: The treatment options for Raee depend on the severity of the condition and the individual patient's needs. In mild cases, treatment may involve monitoring the condition and adjusting the orthodontic treatment plan as needed. In more severe cases, treatment may involve surgical intervention, such as root canal therapy or tooth extraction.

Q: Can Raee be prevented?

A: While it is not possible to completely prevent Raee, there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of developing the condition. These include:

Regular monitoring and evaluation of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment
Use of orthodontic devices that are designed to minimize the risk of Raee
Adjusting the orthodontic treatment plan as needed to avoid excessive force on the teeth
Maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups

Q: What is the prognosis for patients with Raee?

A: The prognosis for patients with Raee depends on the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment. In mild cases, patients may experience a full recovery with minimal treatment. In more severe cases, patients may require surgical intervention, which can be successful in some cases but may also result in tooth loss.

Q: How can patients reduce their risk of developing Raee?

A: Patients can reduce their risk of developing Raee by:

Regularly monitoring their teeth and surrounding tissues during orthodontic treatment
Maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups
Avoiding excessive force on the teeth during orthodontic treatment
Following the recommended treatment plan and adjusting it as needed

Q: What is the role of the orthodontist in diagnosing and treating Raee?

A: The orthodontist plays a crucial role in diagnosing and treating Raee. They are responsible for:

Conducting regular monitoring and evaluation of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment
Identifying potential risks of Raee and adjusting the treatment plan as needed
Providing treatment options for Raee, including surgical intervention if necessary
Collaborating with other dental professionals to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

Q: What is the role of the dentist in diagnosing and treating Raee?

A: The dentist plays a crucial role in diagnosing and treating Raee. They are responsible for:

Conducting radiographic examination to diagnose Raee
Providing treatment options for Raee, including surgical intervention if necessary
Collaborating with the orthodontist to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

Q: What is the cost of treating Raee?

A: The cost of treating Raee can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the treatment options chosen. In general, treatment for Raee can range from a few hundred to several thousand dollars.

Q: Is Raee a common condition?

A: Yes, Raee is a relatively common condition that can occur in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. It is estimated that up to 20% of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment may experience Raee.

Q: Can Raee be treated with orthodontic appliances?

A: In some cases, Raee can be treated with orthodontic appliances, such as orthodontic bands or brackets. However, in more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Q: Can Raee be treated with dental implants?

A: In some cases, Raee can be treated with dental implants. However, this is typically reserved for patients who have experienced significant tooth loss due to Raee.

Q: Can Raee be treated with root canal therapy?

A: Yes, Raee can be treated with root canal therapy. This is typically performed in cases where the tooth is still viable but has been damaged due to Raee.

Q: Can Raee be treated with tooth extraction?

A: Yes, Raee can be treated with tooth extraction. This is typically performed in cases where the tooth is no longer viable due to Raee.

Q: Can Raee be treated with orthodontic surgery?

A: Yes, Raee can be treated with orthodontic surgery. This is typically performed in cases where the tooth has been severely damaged due to Raee and requires surgical intervention to restore its function and aesthetics.