The Need for Sustainable Energy Solutions

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 64 views

PRA Design of Bi-Hydrogen Manufacturing Factory from Liquid Waste Palm Oil Mill with Anaerobic Fermentation in Thermophilic Conditions for Production Capacity of 495,1694 Tons/Day

Introduction

The world is facing an unprecedented energy crisis, and the search for sustainable alternative energy sources has become a pressing concern. One promising solution is bi-hydrogen, which can be produced from carbohydrate-rich biomass. Bio-hydrogen is not only environmentally friendly, as its combustion products only produce water vapor (H2O), but also offers great potential for waste-producing countries, such as Indonesia. By utilizing liquid waste from oil palm factories, bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories can be established to meet energy demand and contribute to the development of environmentally friendly technology.

The Need for Sustainable Energy Solutions

The global energy crisis has led to a significant increase in energy prices, making it difficult for industries and households to access affordable energy. The use of fossil fuels has also contributed to climate change, air pollution, and water pollution. In contrast, bi-hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy source that can be produced from organic waste, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to environmental sustainability.

Factory Potential and Plan

The pre-design of the bi-hydrogen factory is planned to operate in Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra, with a production capacity of 495,1694 tons per year. The strategic location of this factory utilizes the overflow of oil palm liquid waste produced in the area. With a factory area of 13,250 m² and the need for a workforce of around 178 people, the organizational structure formed was a Limited Liability Company (PT) led by a director. This indicates a structured and professional management to ensure operational efficiency.

Production Process

The process of bi-hydrogen production in this pre-design uses anaerobic fermentation method with thermophilic conditions. This method is known to be effective in elaborating organic waste and produces bi-hydrogen with high efficiency. Anaerobic fermentation also has the advantage in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to environmental sustainability.

Anaerobic Fermentation Technology

Anaerobic fermentation is a biological process that involves the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. This process produces bi-hydrogen as a byproduct, which can be collected and used as a clean energy source. The thermophilic conditions used in this process ensure that the bi-hydrogen production is efficient and effective.

Economic Analysis

From the results of economic analysis, this factory shows positive prospects with the following details:

Total investment capital: Rp. 507,238,340,632
Total production costs: Rp. 355,320,898,107
Sales proceeds: Rp. 613,036.004,773
Net profit: Rp. 179,553,571,793
Profit Margin (PM): 41.83%
Break Even Point (BEP): 45.38%
Return on Investment (ROI): 35.40%
Pay Out Time (Pot): 2,82 years
Return on Network (RON): 59%
Internal Rate of Return (IRR): 52.3%

Based on these numbers, the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory with a production capacity of 495,1694 tons/year shows a high feasibility to be established. With profit margin that is profitable and relatively fast investment return time, this factory will not only contribute to the economy, but also help reduce waste and produce renewable energy.

Conclusion

By utilizing liquid waste from oil palm factory and anaerobic fermentation technology, the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory in Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra, has the potential to be an effective solution to overcome the energy crisis and negative environmental impacts. Therefore, the steps towards the establishment of this factory are highly recommended, not only for economic benefits but also for environmental sustainability and energy in the future.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The government should provide support and incentives for the establishment of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories in Indonesia.
The private sector should invest in bi-hydrogen technology and production facilities to meet the growing demand for clean energy.
Research and development should be continued to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of bi-hydrogen production technology.
The public should be educated about the benefits of bi-hydrogen and its potential to contribute to environmental sustainability and energy security.

Future Directions

The bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory in Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra, has the potential to be a model for other bi-hydrogen production facilities in Indonesia. Future research should focus on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of bi-hydrogen production technology, as well as exploring new applications for bi-hydrogen in industries such as transportation and power generation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Bi-Hydrogen Manufacturing Factory

Q: What is bi-hydrogen and how is it produced?

A: Bi-hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy source that can be produced from organic waste through anaerobic fermentation. The process involves the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen, producing bi-hydrogen as a byproduct.

Q: What are the benefits of bi-hydrogen?

A: Bi-hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy source that can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to environmental sustainability. It can also help reduce waste and produce renewable energy.

Q: How does the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory in Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra, work?

A: The factory uses anaerobic fermentation method with thermophilic conditions to produce bi-hydrogen from liquid waste from oil palm factories. The process involves the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen, producing bi-hydrogen as a byproduct.

Q: What is the production capacity of the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory?

A: The production capacity of the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory is 495,1694 tons per year.

Q: What are the economic benefits of the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory?

A: The bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory shows positive prospects with a total investment capital of Rp. 507,238,340,632, total production costs of Rp. 355,320,898,107, sales proceeds of Rp. 613,036.004,773, net profit of Rp. 179,553,571,793, profit margin of 41.83%, break even point of 45.38%, return on investment of 35.40%, pay out time of 2,82 years, return on network of 59%, and internal rate of return of 52.3%.

Q: What are the environmental benefits of the bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory?

A: The bi-hydrogen manufacturing factory can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to environmental sustainability by utilizing liquid waste from oil palm factories and producing bi-hydrogen through anaerobic fermentation.

Q: What are the future directions for bi-hydrogen production?

A: Future research should focus on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of bi-hydrogen production technology, as well as exploring new applications for bi-hydrogen in industries such as transportation and power generation.

Q: How can the public support the development of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories?

A: The public can support the development of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories by educating themselves about the benefits of bi-hydrogen and its potential to contribute to environmental sustainability and energy security. They can also support the establishment of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories by investing in the industry or purchasing bi-hydrogen products.

Q: What are the challenges facing the development of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories?

A: The challenges facing the development of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories include the high cost of production, the need for specialized equipment and technology, and the lack of public awareness about the benefits of bi-hydrogen.

Q: How can the government support the development of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories?

A: The government can support the development of bi-hydrogen manufacturing factories by providing incentives and support for the establishment of bi-hydrogen production facilities, investing in research and development to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of bi-hydrogen production technology, and educating the public about the benefits of bi-hydrogen.