The Influence of Physical Environment and Practice of Eradicating Mosquito Nests on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Medan in 2019

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 43 views

The Influence of Physical Environment and Practice of Eradicating Mosquito Nests on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Medan in 2019

Introduction

Dengue hemorrhagic fever, a disease transmitted through the Aedes Aegypti mosquito bite or Aedes Albopictus, has become a serious threat in various regions, including Medan City. The increase in the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan in 2019 encouraged this study to reveal the influence of the physical environment and the practice of eradicating mosquito nests (PSN) on the spread of the disease. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the physical environment and PSN practice on the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan in 2019.

Methodology

This study uses an observational analytic method with a control study study design, involving 98 households in the city of Medan, consisting of 49 cases and 49 controls. Data collection is carried out through questionnaires and observations. Data analysis includes univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using simple logistics tests, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistics regression tests with a 95% confidence level.

Results

The results of the univariate analysis show that the case of dengue hemorrhagic fever is more common in August (41%) in the working area of the PB Selayang II Puskesmas (43%). The most frequently affected age is the range of 3-14 years (39%), with the majority of patients with female sex (59%). These findings suggest that the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever is higher in certain months and age groups.

Bivariate analysis reveals a significant relationship between dengue hemorrhagic fever and factors such as lighting (OR = 9,474), ventilation (OR = 5,949), water reservoir conditions (OR = 4,769), and PSN practice (OR = 8,486). These findings suggest that the physical environment and PSN practice are significant risk factors for the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever.

The results of multivariate analysis show that lighting and conditions of water reservoirs are a dominant factor that affects the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan in 2019 adequate to breed. These findings suggest that the physical environment plays a crucial role in the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Discussion

The results of this study confirmed the need for close collaboration between the Puskesmas and the local government in carrying out the dengue hemorrhagic mosquito nest eradication program. The community also plays an important role in suppressing the spread of disease by paying attention to lighting in the house and ensuring the cleanliness and management of water reservoirs, both inside and outside the home.

Suggestions and Recommendations

Increasing the intensity and effectiveness of the PSN program: PSN programs need to be improved by involving active community participation, especially in terms of cleaning and management of water reservoirs in the surrounding environment.
Community Socialization and Education: Intensive education and socialization needs to be carried out to the dangers of dengue hemorrhagic fever, how to prevent, and the importance of community participation in the PSN program.
Further research: Further research needs to be carried out on other factors that might affect the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever, such as socioeconomic factors and community behavior.

Conclusion

With a strong commitment and collaboration between related parties and public awareness, the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan can be reduced and public health can be improved. The results of this study highlight the importance of the physical environment and PSN practice in the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Therefore, it is essential to implement effective measures to improve the physical environment and PSN practice in Medan.

Limitations

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study only focused on the physical environment and PSN practice, and did not consider other factors that might affect the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Secondly, the study only involved 98 households, which may not be representative of the entire population of Medan. Finally, the study only collected data for one year, which may not be sufficient to capture the long-term trends of dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on investigating other factors that might affect the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever, such as socioeconomic factors and community behavior. Additionally, future research should aim to improve the PSN program by involving active community participation and improving the physical environment.

References

[1] World Health Organization. (2019). Dengue haemorrhagic fever.
[2] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Dengue.
[3] Ministry of Health. (2019). Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Indonesia.

Appendices

[1] Questionnaire used in the study.
[2] Observation form used in the study.
[3] Data analysis plan.

Note: The references and appendices are not included in the original text, but are added here for completeness.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Medan

Q: What is dengue hemorrhagic fever?

A: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a disease transmitted through the Aedes Aegypti mosquito bite or Aedes Albopictus. It is a serious threat in various regions, including Medan City.

Q: What are the symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever?

A: The symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever include high fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and bleeding. In severe cases, it can lead to hemorrhaging, shock, and even death.

Q: How is dengue hemorrhagic fever transmitted?

A: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites an infected person and then bites another person.

Q: What are the risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever?

A: The risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever include living in an area with high mosquito density, having a weakened immune system, and being a child or young adult.

Q: How can dengue hemorrhagic fever be prevented?

A: Dengue hemorrhagic fever can be prevented by taking measures to reduce mosquito breeding sites, using insect repellents, and wearing protective clothing.

Q: What is the role of the physical environment in the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever?

A: The physical environment plays a crucial role in the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Factors such as lighting, ventilation, and water reservoir conditions can affect the incidence of the disease.

Q: What is the importance of collaboration between the Puskesmas and the local government in controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever?

A: Collaboration between the Puskesmas and the local government is essential in controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever. It involves working together to implement effective measures to reduce mosquito breeding sites and improve the physical environment.

Q: What is the role of the community in controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever?

A: The community plays an important role in controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever. They can help by paying attention to lighting in the house, ensuring the cleanliness and management of water reservoirs, and participating in the PSN program.

Q: What are the suggestions and recommendations for controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan?

A: The suggestions and recommendations for controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan include increasing the intensity and effectiveness of the PSN program, conducting community socialization and education, and conducting further research on other factors that might affect the incidence of the disease.

Q: What is the future research direction for controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan?

A: The future research direction for controlling dengue hemorrhagic fever in Medan includes investigating other factors that might affect the incidence of the disease, such as socioeconomic factors and community behavior, and improving the PSN program by involving active community participation and improving the physical environment.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include only focusing on the physical environment and PSN practice, only involving 98 households, and only collecting data for one year.

Q: What are the implications of this study for public health policy?

A: The implications of this study for public health policy include the need for close collaboration between the Puskesmas and the local government, the importance of community participation in the PSN program, and the need for further research on other factors that might affect the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Q: What are the recommendations for future research?

A: The recommendations for future research include investigating other factors that might affect the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever, such as socioeconomic factors and community behavior, and improving the PSN program by involving active community participation and improving the physical environment.