The Importance of Comparing Financial Performance between Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 31 views

Analysis of the Comparison of Financial Performance between Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks Monated by the North Sumatra 5 Sumatra Financial Services Authority (OJK)

The role of banks in a country's economy is very strategic. As an intermediary institution, banks function to mobilize public funds which will be used to finance investment activities and provide services in payment traffic. In addition, banks also have an important role in transmitting monetary policies carried out by the central bank. In this context, banks can be likened to department stores that offer various types of financial services, ranging from receiving demand deposits, savings, and deposits, to providing credit for people who need loans. In addition, the bank also functions as a place to exchange money and receive various forms of payment.

The Importance of Comparing Financial Performance between Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks

The financial performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks is very interesting to be compared, especially in the context of supervision by the 5th Regional Financial Services Authority (OJK) of North Sumatra. In this analysis, we will discuss some important aspects that include the ratio of liquidity, profitability, and credit risk. Understanding the differences in financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks can provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including customers and investors, to make informed decisions when choosing financial institutions.

Liquidity Ratio: A Key Indicator of Bank Financial Health

The liquidity ratio measures the ability of banks to fulfill short-term obligations. Islamic banks generally use different principles compared to conventional banks. Islamic banks tend to focus more on investment based on sharia principles, which can affect their liquidity ratio. On the other hand, conventional banks have more financial instruments that can be used to manage liquidity. This means that conventional banks may have advantages in fulfilling short-term obligations.

Understanding the Liquidity Ratio

The liquidity ratio is a crucial indicator of a bank's financial health. It measures the bank's ability to meet its short-term obligations, such as paying off deposits and other short-term liabilities. A high liquidity ratio indicates that a bank has sufficient liquid assets to meet its short-term obligations, while a low liquidity ratio may indicate that a bank is at risk of defaulting on its short-term obligations.

Profitability: A Key Driver of Bank Financial Performance

Profitability is the main indicator for assessing bank financial performance. Islamic banks and conventional banks have different ways to generate profits. Conventional banks tend to focus more on interest from loans, while Islamic banks generate profits from profit sharing or fee-based income in accordance with sharia principles. This profitability performance can be measured using the Return On Assets (ROA) ratio and Return on Equity (ROE). Although each has advantages, analysis of the two types of banks will provide a clearer picture of their financial performance.

Understanding Profitability

Profitability is a key driver of bank financial performance. It measures a bank's ability to generate profits from its operations. Islamic banks and conventional banks have different ways to generate profits, which can affect their financial performance. Understanding the profitability of Islamic banks and conventional banks can provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including customers and investors, to make informed decisions when choosing financial institutions.

Credit Risk: A Key Challenge for Islamic Banks

Credit risk is a crucial factor in assessing bank financial health. Islamic banks face challenges in terms of risk assessment because they operate under Islamic principles that require certainty and transparency in transactions. Meanwhile, conventional banks can use various instruments to manage credit risk. However, the potential risk in both types of banks must be carefully valued to ensure their operational sustainability.

Understanding Credit Risk

Credit risk is a key challenge for Islamic banks. It measures the risk of default by borrowers, which can affect a bank's financial health. Islamic banks face challenges in terms of risk assessment because they operate under Islamic principles that require certainty and transparency in transactions. Understanding credit risk is essential for Islamic banks to ensure their operational sustainability.

Conclusion

In order to understand the comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks, it is important to examine the various aspects that have been explained. Both Islamic banks and conventional banks have their advantages and challenges in dealing with market dynamics and the policies implemented by the OJK. With a deeper understanding of this comparison, it is expected that stakeholders, including customers and investors, can make wiser decisions in choosing financial institutions that are in accordance with their needs.

Recommendations for Future Research

This analysis provides a comprehensive comparison of the financial performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks. However, there are several areas that require further research. These include:

A more detailed analysis of the liquidity ratio of Islamic banks and conventional banks
A comparison of the profitability of Islamic banks and conventional banks in different regions
An analysis of the credit risk of Islamic banks and conventional banks in different industries
A study on the impact of regulatory policies on the financial performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks

By conducting further research in these areas, stakeholders, including customers and investors, can make more informed decisions when choosing financial institutions that are in accordance with their needs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Comparison of Financial Performance between Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks

In our previous article, we discussed the comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions (FAQs) about this topic.

Q: What is the main difference between Islamic banks and conventional banks?

A: The main difference between Islamic banks and conventional banks is the way they operate. Islamic banks operate based on Islamic principles, which prohibit the collection and payment of interest (riba). Instead, Islamic banks use profit-sharing and fee-based income to generate profits. Conventional banks, on the other hand, operate based on conventional banking principles, which allow the collection and payment of interest.

Q: How do Islamic banks generate profits?

A: Islamic banks generate profits through profit-sharing and fee-based income. They use a system called "mudarabah" to share profits with their customers. In this system, the bank invests the customer's money in a project or business, and the customer receives a share of the profits. Islamic banks also generate profits through fees charged for services such as account maintenance, loan processing, and other banking services.

Q: What is the liquidity ratio, and how does it affect Islamic banks and conventional banks?

A: The liquidity ratio measures a bank's ability to meet its short-term obligations. Islamic banks tend to have lower liquidity ratios than conventional banks because they invest in assets that are not easily liquidated, such as real estate and commodities. Conventional banks, on the other hand, have more financial instruments that can be used to manage liquidity.

Q: How does credit risk affect Islamic banks and conventional banks?

A: Credit risk is a key challenge for Islamic banks because they operate under Islamic principles that require certainty and transparency in transactions. Islamic banks face challenges in terms of risk assessment because they cannot use interest rates to determine the risk of a loan. Conventional banks, on the other hand, can use interest rates to determine the risk of a loan.

Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of Islamic banks compared to conventional banks?

A: The advantages of Islamic banks include:

They operate based on Islamic principles, which prohibit the collection and payment of interest (riba).
They use profit-sharing and fee-based income to generate profits.
They invest in assets that are not easily liquidated, such as real estate and commodities.

The disadvantages of Islamic banks include:

They tend to have lower liquidity ratios than conventional banks.
They face challenges in terms of risk assessment because they cannot use interest rates to determine the risk of a loan.
They may have limited access to capital markets.

Q: What are the implications of the comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks?

A: The comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks has several implications:

It highlights the differences in the way Islamic banks and conventional banks operate.
It shows that Islamic banks tend to have lower liquidity ratios than conventional banks.
It highlights the challenges faced by Islamic banks in terms of risk assessment.
It provides insights for stakeholders, including customers and investors, to make informed decisions when choosing financial institutions.

Q: What are the future research directions for the comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks?

A: Future research directions for the comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks include:

A more detailed analysis of the liquidity ratio of Islamic banks and conventional banks.
A comparison of the profitability of Islamic banks and conventional banks in different regions.
An analysis of the credit risk of Islamic banks and conventional banks in different industries.
A study on the impact of regulatory policies on the financial performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks.

By answering these FAQs, we hope to provide a better understanding of the comparison of financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks.