The habit of opening windows

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 51 views

The Influence of Fishermen's Characteristics, Home Environment, and Smoking Habits on Tuberculosis in Fishermen in Seberang Fishermen Village

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious health problem that affects millions of people worldwide, including fishermen in Seberang Fishermen Village, Environment XII, Belawan I Village, Medan. This study aims to analyze the influence of the characteristics of fishermen, the physical condition of the house, the characteristics of the house, and smoking habits on the events of tuberculosis in the region. Understanding the factors that contribute to the spread of TB is crucial in developing effective prevention and control strategies.

The Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Fishermen

Tuberculosis is a major public health concern, especially among fishermen who are often exposed to harsh working conditions and poor living environments. The disease often attacks individuals in productive age (15 to 50 years), resulting in significant economic losses due to lost work time. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adult TB patients on average lose 3 to 4 months of work time, which has a significant impact on their economy.

Research Methodology

This study uses an analytic design with a cross-sectional approach to analyze the influence of various factors on the incidence of tuberculosis in fishermen. A total of 522 fishermen were selected as the population, and 84 people were chosen as samples through simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected through structured interviews, questionnaires, direct observations, and measurements. Data analysis was carried out using univariate analysis to determine the frequency distribution, bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test, and multivariate analysis with logistics regression tests with a 95% confidence level.

Research Results

The results of this study showed a significant influence between several factors on the incidence of tuberculosis. These factors include:

Ventilation: Good ventilated space can reduce the risk of TB transmission. The study found that fishermen who lived in well-ventilated homes were less likely to develop TB.
Moisture: High humidity levels can facilitate the growth of tuberculosis that cause tuberculosis. The study found that fishermen who lived in homes with high humidity levels were more likely to develop TB.
Occupancy density: The density of family members in one house has a very dominant influence on an increase in the risk of TB, with an Exp (β) value of 11,772. The study found that fishermen who lived in homes with high occupancy density were more likely to develop TB.
The habit of opening windows: This habit also contributes to better air circulation in the house. The study found that fishermen who opened their windows regularly were less likely to develop TB.

Of the four factors, residential density has the most powerful effect, while humidity shows the lowest effect (Exp (β) = 0.034).

Recommendations

Based on these findings, it is essential for fishermen in fishing villages across to get used to opening the window every morning and closing it in the afternoon. This will increase air circulation and minimize moisture in the house. In addition, attention to residential density also needs to be increased to reduce the risk of TB transmission.

Belawan I Puskesmas I is also advised to provide education to the public about TB prevention steps and the importance of stopping smoking. Smoking is not only dangerous for smokers themselves, but can also worsen the health conditions of the people around them, especially children and other family members.

Conclusion

TB disease is a serious challenge that requires more attention, especially in vulnerable fishing communities. By understanding the influence of individual characteristics, the physical environment of the house, and smoking habits, we can take the right steps to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. Good awareness and preventive actions from fishermen and support from health agencies can reduce the impact of this disease on public health and regional economy.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted in a single fishing village, which may not be representative of other fishing communities.
The study relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias.
The study did not control for other potential confounding variables that may influence the incidence of TB.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

Conduct a larger-scale study that includes multiple fishing villages.
Use more objective measures of exposure to TB, such as environmental sampling.
Control for other potential confounding variables that may influence the incidence of TB.

By addressing these limitations and expanding the scope of the study, we can gain a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the spread of TB in fishing communities and develop more effective prevention and control strategies.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Tuberculosis in Fishermen

Q: What is tuberculosis and how does it affect fishermen?

A: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious bacterial infection that affects the lungs and other parts of the body. It is a major public health concern, especially among fishermen who are often exposed to harsh working conditions and poor living environments. TB can cause significant economic losses due to lost work time and can also lead to serious health complications if left untreated.

Q: What are the risk factors for tuberculosis in fishermen?

A: The risk factors for tuberculosis in fishermen include:

Poor ventilation in homes
High humidity levels in homes
High occupancy density in homes
Smoking habits
Poor living conditions

Q: How can fishermen reduce their risk of developing tuberculosis?

A: Fishermen can reduce their risk of developing tuberculosis by:

Opening windows regularly to improve ventilation
Reducing humidity levels in homes
Reducing occupancy density in homes
Stopping smoking
Improving living conditions

Q: What is the role of Belawan I Puskesmas I in preventing tuberculosis in fishermen?

A: Belawan I Puskesmas I plays a crucial role in preventing tuberculosis in fishermen by:

Providing education to the public about TB prevention steps
Promoting awareness about the importance of stopping smoking
Providing support to fishermen who are affected by TB

Q: What are the symptoms of tuberculosis in fishermen?

A: The symptoms of tuberculosis in fishermen include:

Coughing that lasts for more than 2 weeks
Chest pain or discomfort
Fatigue or weakness
Weight loss
Loss of appetite

Q: How can fishermen diagnose tuberculosis?

A: Fishermen can diagnose tuberculosis by:

Consulting a healthcare professional
Undergoing a physical examination
Undergoing laboratory tests, such as a chest X-ray or sputum test

Q: What is the treatment for tuberculosis in fishermen?

A: The treatment for tuberculosis in fishermen includes:

Antibiotics to kill the bacteria
Rest and relaxation to help the body recover
Nutritional support to help the body recover
Follow-up appointments with a healthcare professional to monitor progress

Q: Can tuberculosis be prevented in fishermen?

A: Yes, tuberculosis can be prevented in fishermen by:

Improving living conditions
Reducing risk factors, such as poor ventilation and high humidity levels
Stopping smoking
Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare professional

Q: What is the impact of tuberculosis on the economy of fishing communities?

A: Tuberculosis can have a significant impact on the economy of fishing communities by:

Causing lost work time and productivity
Increasing healthcare costs
Reducing the overall quality of life for fishermen and their families

Q: How can fishing communities support fishermen who are affected by tuberculosis?

A: Fishing communities can support fishermen who are affected by tuberculosis by:

Providing emotional support and encouragement
Helping to access healthcare services
Providing financial support, such as through crowdfunding or community fundraising events
Promoting awareness about TB prevention and control measures.