Selecting the Research Location

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 122 views

Risk Analysis of Tiger Shrimp Polyculture (Penaeus Monodon) and Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) in Belawan Sicanang Village, Medan Belawan District, Medan City

Introduction

Tiger Shrimp Polyculture and Tilapia: A Lucrative yet Risky Venture

The cultivation of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has become a popular practice among farmers in various parts of the world, including Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the level of income earned by farmers in Belawan Sicanang Village, Medan Belawan District, Medan City, which runs polycultural cultivation between tiger shrimp and tilapia. In addition, this study will also explore risks related to production, price, and income, as well as risk mitigation steps that can be applied in the area.

Research Methodology

Selecting the Research Location

In determining the research location, researchers use purposive sampling techniques, which choose locations with a specific purpose in accordance with the focus of the research. The next sampling technique is Snowball Sampling, where respondents who were originally selected could refer to other farmers, so that the number of respondents could increase until the data needed was achieved. The total respondents involved in this study were 40 farmers who carried out the cultivation of tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia.

Data Analysis

Data analysis used in this study includes cost, income, and risk analysis. Risk measures are measured using variations, standard deviations, variations coefficients, and the lower limit of the highest value. This approach allows researchers to identify the level of risk associated with the cultivation of tiger shrimp and tilapia.

Research Result

Income and Risk Analysis

From the analysis conducted, information was obtained that the average income per hectare of cultivation of tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia reached Rp 7,947,489,525. The coefficient of revenue variations shows the figure of 0.304, which indicates a high variety of income between farmers. Meanwhile, the coefficient of variation for production is 0.38 for tiger shrimp and 0.44 for tilapia. In terms of price, the coefficient of variation is 0.11 for tiger shrimp and 0.04 for tilapia.

Implications of the Results

With these results, the cultivation of tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia in Belawan Sicanang Village can be said to be appropriate to be implemented, although there is a risk that accompanies it. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the steps of risk mitigation that can be taken.

Risk Mitigation

Ex-ante, Interactive, and Post-ante Approaches

Risk mitigation recommended in this study includes three approaches:

Ex-ante: This is a precautionary step taken before the risk. For example, farmers can do careful planning related to cultivation management, as well as adding other commodities to increase income. Commodity diversification can help reduce dependence on one type of cultivation.
Interactive: Farmers are advised to continue to improve their cultivation management system. Adopting a more efficient and environmentally friendly cultivation technique can increase productivity and reduce potential losses due to production risk.
Post-ante: After risk occurs, it is important to have a strong management system to overcome losses. One of the recommended ways is to strengthen gapoktan (combined farmer groups) in the study area, so that farmers can share resources and information to overcome the challenges faced.

Conclusion

Polycultural Cultivation: A Lucrative yet Risky Venture

Overall, polycultural cultivation between tiger shrimp and tilapia in Belawan Sicanang Village has good potential to generate significant income, although still facing risks that need to be managed properly. Through the right risk mitigation approach, farmers can minimize losses and increase their business sustainability. This research is expected to be a reference for farmers and other stakeholders in developing better cultivation strategies.

Recommendations

Future Research Directions

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the risks associated with tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation in Belawan Sicanang Village. However, there are still many areas that require further research, such as the impact of climate change on the cultivation of tiger shrimp and tilapia, and the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly cultivation techniques.

Policy Implications

The findings of this study have important policy implications for the government and other stakeholders involved in the development of the aquaculture industry in Indonesia. The government can provide support for farmers to adopt more efficient and environmentally friendly cultivation techniques, as well as provide training and education on risk management and mitigation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the risks associated with tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation in Belawan Sicanang Village. The findings of this study have important implications for farmers, policymakers, and other stakeholders involved in the development of the aquaculture industry in Indonesia.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Tiger Shrimp Polyculture and Tilapia Cultivation

Q: What is tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation?

A: Tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation is a farming practice that involves growing both tiger shrimp and tilapia together in the same pond or enclosure. This practice is also known as polyculture.

Q: What are the benefits of tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation?

A: The benefits of tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation include:

Increased income for farmers
Improved food security
Reduced dependence on a single crop
Increased biodiversity
Improved water quality

Q: What are the risks associated with tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation?

A: The risks associated with tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation include:

Disease outbreaks
Water quality issues
Predator attacks
Market fluctuations
Climate change

Q: How can farmers mitigate the risks associated with tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation?

A: Farmers can mitigate the risks associated with tiger shrimp polyculture and tilapia cultivation by:

Implementing good water management practices
Monitoring water quality regularly
Using disease-resistant varieties
Implementing integrated pest management (IPM) practices
Diversifying their income streams

Q: What are the most common diseases affecting tiger shrimp and tilapia?

A: The most common diseases affecting tiger shrimp and tilapia include:

White spot disease (WSD)
Yellow head disease (YHD)
Bacterial infections (e.g. Vibrio spp.)
Parasitic infections (e.g. Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)

Q: How can farmers prevent disease outbreaks in their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms?

A: Farmers can prevent disease outbreaks in their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms by:

Implementing good biosecurity practices
Monitoring water quality regularly
Using disease-resistant varieties
Implementing IPM practices
Vaccinating their fish

Q: What are the most common predators of tiger shrimp and tilapia?

A: The most common predators of tiger shrimp and tilapia include:

Fish-eating birds (e.g. herons, egrets)
Mammals (e.g. raccoons, otters)
Other fish (e.g. larger species of fish that prey on smaller species)

Q: How can farmers prevent predator attacks on their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms?

A: Farmers can prevent predator attacks on their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms by:

Implementing good fencing and netting practices
Using predator-deterrent devices (e.g. bird-scaring balloons)
Monitoring their farms regularly
Using repellents (e.g. predator-repellent granules)

Q: What are the most common market fluctuations affecting the tiger shrimp and tilapia industries?

A: The most common market fluctuations affecting the tiger shrimp and tilapia industries include:

Changes in global demand
Changes in global supply
Currency fluctuations
Trade agreements and policies

Q: How can farmers mitigate the effects of market fluctuations on their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms?

A: Farmers can mitigate the effects of market fluctuations on their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms by:

Diversifying their income streams
Implementing good market research and analysis practices
Building strong relationships with buyers and suppliers
Developing contingency plans for market fluctuations

Q: What are the most common climate-related risks affecting the tiger shrimp and tilapia industries?

A: The most common climate-related risks affecting the tiger shrimp and tilapia industries include:

Rising water temperatures
Changes in precipitation patterns
Increased frequency and severity of storms
Sea-level rise

Q: How can farmers mitigate the effects of climate-related risks on their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms?

A: Farmers can mitigate the effects of climate-related risks on their tiger shrimp and tilapia farms by:

Implementing good climate-resilient practices (e.g. using climate-resilient varieties)
Monitoring weather patterns and climate-related risks
Developing contingency plans for climate-related risks
Building strong relationships with buyers and suppliers who can provide support during climate-related events.