Recognition of PSA decisions

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 81 views

Success and Failure to Resolve Alternative Disputes: A Study of Karo Batak Urban Communities in Kabanjahe and Brastagi

The Rise of Alternative Dispute Resolution in Indonesia

The alternative dispute resolution (PSA) movement has been gaining popularity in various countries, including Indonesia. This phenomenon emerged as a solution to the problems faced by judicial institutions in dealing with developing disputes. In Indonesia, the PSA pattern has a strong social base, with a significant number of people relying on alternative methods to resolve disputes. However, for PSA to develop with broader social support, it needs to be based on cultural values that live in society.

Alternative Forms and Practices of Dispute Resolution

Research on the Karo urban Batak community in Kabanjahe and Brastagi illustrates various forms and practices of alternative dispute resolution used. The Karo people tend to choose PSA methods such as negotiations and mediation. The involvement of cultural elements in dispute resolution, such as Sangkep Sitelu (consisting of Senina, Beru Children, and Kalimbubu), is considered important to achieve success. In the context of family disputes, such as inheritance disputes, settlement through Runggun (deliberation) is still considered the best method and must be followed.

The Importance of Cultural Values in Dispute Resolution

The Karo Batak community places a strong emphasis on cultural values in dispute resolution. The community's cultural values, such as consensus and collaboration, are the foundation for resolving disputes peacefully. The involvement of cultural elements, such as Sangkep Sitelu, is considered important to achieve success in dispute resolution. The community's cultural values are also reflected in the use of traditional methods, such as Runggun, to resolve disputes.

Reasons for Selecting Alternative Dispute Settlement

There are several reasons why the Karo Batak community prefers alternative dispute resolution. One of the main reasons is the desire to improve relations and create harmony in the community. In addition, the efficiency factor also plays an important role in the people's decision to choose PSA. Long legal processes and high costs in the formal justice system make PSA an attractive alternative.

Success and Failure in Dispute Resolution

The success of PSA in the Batak Karo community is closely related to the culture of strong family deliberations. Consensus and collaboration values are the foundation for the community to resolve disputes peacefully. However, although there are many successes, PSA cannot be separated from challenges. One of the causes of failure is the lack of legal guarantees that the resulting decision has executorial power. This makes some parties feel unsure to rely on alternative settlement, especially in more complex cases.

Challenges Faced by Alternative Dispute Resolution

Despite the success of PSA in the Karo Batak community, there are several challenges that need to be addressed. One of the main challenges is the lack of legal recognition of PSA decisions. This makes it difficult for parties to rely on alternative settlement, especially in more complex cases. Another challenge is the lack of standardization in PSA practices, which can lead to inconsistent outcomes.

Conclusion

Overall, this research shows that the success and failure of alternative dispute resolution in the Karo urban Batak community is greatly influenced by existing cultural values. Although PSA offers a more efficient and harmonious solution, the challenges faced in getting legal recognition remains an obstacle. In the future, there needs to be an effort to integrate cultural values with a formal legal system to create a more effective and accountable dispute resolution system.

Recommendations for Future Research

Based on the findings of this research, several recommendations can be made for future research. Firstly, there is a need to conduct further research on the cultural values that underlie PSA practices in the Karo Batak community. Secondly, there is a need to develop a more standardized approach to PSA practices, which can help to ensure consistent outcomes. Finally, there is a need to explore ways to integrate cultural values with a formal legal system, which can help to create a more effective and accountable dispute resolution system.

Implications for Policy and Practice

The findings of this research have several implications for policy and practice. Firstly, policymakers need to recognize the importance of cultural values in dispute resolution and develop policies that support the use of PSA practices. Secondly, practitioners need to be aware of the cultural values that underlie PSA practices and adapt their approaches accordingly. Finally, there is a need to develop training programs for practitioners that focus on the use of PSA practices and the cultural values that underlie them.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study was conducted in a specific community, the Karo Batak community in Kabanjahe and Brastagi, and may not be generalizable to other communities. Secondly, the study relied on a qualitative approach, which may not provide a comprehensive understanding of the issues. Finally, the study did not explore the role of power dynamics in PSA practices, which may be an important factor in understanding the success and failure of PSA.

Future Directions for Research

Based on the findings of this research, several future directions for research can be identified. Firstly, there is a need to conduct further research on the cultural values that underlie PSA practices in other communities. Secondly, there is a need to develop a more standardized approach to PSA practices, which can help to ensure consistent outcomes. Finally, there is a need to explore ways to integrate cultural values with a formal legal system, which can help to create a more effective and accountable dispute resolution system.
Q&A: Success and Failure to Resolve Alternative Disputes: A Study of Karo Batak Urban Communities in Kabanjahe and Brastagi

Q: What is alternative dispute resolution (PSA) and how does it work?

A: Alternative dispute resolution (PSA) is a process where parties in a dispute work together to resolve their differences without going to court. PSA can take many forms, including mediation, negotiation, and arbitration. In the Karo Batak community, PSA is often used to resolve disputes in a way that is consistent with the community's cultural values.

Q: What are the benefits of using alternative dispute resolution (PSA)?

A: The benefits of using PSA include:

Efficiency: PSA can be faster and more efficient than going to court.
Cost-effectiveness: PSA can be less expensive than going to court.
Harmony: PSA can help to maintain harmony in the community by resolving disputes in a way that is consistent with the community's cultural values.
Flexibility: PSA can be tailored to the specific needs of the parties involved.

Q: What are the challenges of using alternative dispute resolution (PSA)?

A: The challenges of using PSA include:

Lack of legal recognition: PSA decisions may not be recognized by the formal legal system.
Lack of standardization: PSA practices may not be standardized, which can lead to inconsistent outcomes.
Power dynamics: PSA may be influenced by power dynamics, which can affect the outcome of the dispute.

Q: How does the Karo Batak community use alternative dispute resolution (PSA)?

A: The Karo Batak community uses PSA in a way that is consistent with the community's cultural values. PSA is often used to resolve disputes in a way that is fair and just, and that maintains harmony in the community.

Q: What are the cultural values that underlie alternative dispute resolution (PSA) in the Karo Batak community?

A: The cultural values that underlie PSA in the Karo Batak community include:

Consensus: The importance of reaching a consensus in the community.
Collaboration: The importance of working together to resolve disputes.
Harmony: The importance of maintaining harmony in the community.

Q: How can alternative dispute resolution (PSA) be integrated with the formal legal system?

A: PSA can be integrated with the formal legal system in several ways, including:

Recognition of PSA decisions: PSA decisions can be recognized by the formal legal system.
Standardization of PSA practices: PSA practices can be standardized to ensure consistent outcomes.
Training for practitioners: Practitioners can be trained in the use of PSA practices and the cultural values that underlie them.

Q: What are the implications of this study for policy and practice?

A: The implications of this study for policy and practice include:

Recognition of PSA: PSA should be recognized by the formal legal system.
Standardization of PSA practices: PSA practices should be standardized to ensure consistent outcomes.
Training for practitioners: Practitioners should be trained in the use of PSA practices and the cultural values that underlie them.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include:

Specificity of the community: The study was conducted in a specific community, the Karo Batak community in Kabanjahe and Brastagi, and may not be generalizable to other communities.
Qualitative approach: The study relied on a qualitative approach, which may not provide a comprehensive understanding of the issues.
Power dynamics: The study did not explore the role of power dynamics in PSA practices, which may be an important factor in understanding the success and failure of PSA.