Obtaining ethanol extract of kersen leaves

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 136 views

Formulation and Evaluation of Oral Dissolving Film Ethanol Extract Kersen Leaves (Muntingia Calabura L.) as a Mouth Freshener

Introduction

Bad breath, also known as halitosis, is a common problem that affects millions of people worldwide. It is often caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans, which can lead to a range of oral health issues if left untreated. Natural remedies have been gaining popularity in recent years as a way to combat bad breath and other oral health problems. One such natural remedy is the kersen leaf (Muntingia Calabura L.), which is known to contain antibacterial compounds such as tannin, saponin, and flavonoids.

The Problem of Bad Breath

Bad breath is a complex issue that can be caused by a range of factors, including poor oral hygiene, gum disease, and certain medical conditions. Streptococcus mutans is a type of bacteria that is commonly found in the mouth and is known to contribute to the development of bad breath. This bacterium feeds on sugars and starches in the mouth, producing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) as a byproduct. VSCs are responsible for the characteristic odor of bad breath.

The Potential of Kersen Leaf Extract

Kersen leaf extract has been shown to have antibacterial properties, making it a potential natural remedy for bad breath. The extract contains a range of compounds, including tannin, saponin, and flavonoids, which have been shown to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and other oral bacteria. In this study, we aim to formulate and evaluate oral dissolving film (ODF) preparations using ethanol extract of kersen leaves as a mouth freshener.

Research Purposes

The main objectives of this study are to:

Conduct formulations of ODF preparations using ethanol extract of kersen leaves
Evaluate the stability, antibacterial activity, and hedonic properties of the resulting preparations
Determine the effectiveness and attractiveness of the resulting preparations

Method

The method used in this study involves the following steps:

Obtaining ethanol extract of kersen leaves: The ethanol extract of kersen leaves was obtained by maceration.
Formulation of ODF preparations: The ODF preparations were formulated using the solvent casting method. Four formulas were made with different extract concentrations: F0 (0%), F1 (0.5%), F2 (1%), and F3 (1.5%).
Evaluation of ODF preparations: The ODF preparations were evaluated using a range of parameters, including organoleptic testing, determination of weight, thickness, pH, swelling index, and fold capacity.
Stability testing: The stability of the ODF preparations was tested for 3 months at 25 ± 2 ℃ and 40 ± 2 ℃.
Antibacterial activity testing: The antibacterial activity of the ODF preparations was tested using the Disc Diffusion method.
Hedonic testing: The hedonic properties of the ODF preparations were evaluated using a range of parameters, including taste, texture, color, and aroma.

Results

The results of this study show that the ODF preparations have a distinctive extract color, smooth texture, sweet taste, and a refreshing mint aroma. The evaluation results show that the ODF preparations weigh between 0.16-0.26 g, thickness between 0.1933-0.2503 mm, pH ranges from 6.20-6.58, and the swelling index between 19,9036%-32,8100%. The ODF preparations are stable for 3 months of storage at specified temperatures. The testing antibacterial activity shows the largest inhibition zone of 11.70 mm in the F3 formula. In hedonic testing, the F0 and F1 formulas are a choice that respondents preferred in all parameters tested.

Conclusion

The resulting ODF preparation meets the specified and stable criteria for storage for 3 months at 25 ± 2 ℃ and 40 ± 2 ℃. The F3 formula shows the best inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans, while F0 and F1 are preferred by respondents based on hedonic test results. This study opens opportunities for the development of natural oral refreshing preparations that are more effective and attractive to consumers.

Resource

A. Budiman, "Antibacterial Activity of Muntingia Calabura," Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2021.
B. Wulandari, "Oral Dissolving Film Formulation," Journal of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2022.

Future Directions

This study provides a foundation for the development of natural oral refreshing preparations using kersen leaf extract. Future studies can focus on:

Scaling up the production of ODF preparations
Conducting clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness of ODF preparations in reducing bad breath
Investigating the potential of kersen leaf extract in other oral health applications

References

A. Budiman, "Antibacterial Activity of Muntingia Calabura," Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2021.
B. Wulandari, "Oral Dissolving Film Formulation," Journal of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2022.

Appendix

Table 1: Formulation of ODF preparations
Table 2: Evaluation results of ODF preparations
Figure 1: Inhibition zone of ODF preparations
Figure 2: Hedonic testing results
Q&A: Formulation and Evaluation of Oral Dissolving Film Ethanol Extract Kersen Leaves (Muntingia Calabura L.) as a Mouth Freshener

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the formulation and evaluation of oral dissolving film (ODF) preparations using ethanol extract of kersen leaves (Muntingia Calabura L.) as a mouth freshener. In this article, we will answer some of the frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to this study.

Q: What is the purpose of using kersen leaf extract in ODF preparations?

A: Kersen leaf extract is used in ODF preparations due to its antibacterial properties, which can help to reduce the growth of Streptococcus mutans and other oral bacteria that can cause bad breath.

Q: How is the ethanol extract of kersen leaves obtained?

A: The ethanol extract of kersen leaves is obtained by maceration, which involves soaking the leaves in ethanol to extract the active compounds.

Q: What are the different formulas used in this study?

A: Four formulas were used in this study, with different extract concentrations: F0 (0%), F1 (0.5%), F2 (1%), and F3 (1.5%).

Q: What are the evaluation parameters used to assess the ODF preparations?

A: The ODF preparations were evaluated using a range of parameters, including organoleptic testing, determination of weight, thickness, pH, swelling index, and fold capacity.

Q: How is the stability of the ODF preparations tested?

A: The stability of the ODF preparations was tested for 3 months at 25 ± 2 ℃ and 40 ± 2 ℃.

Q: What is the antibacterial activity testing method used in this study?

A: The antibacterial activity of the ODF preparations was tested using the Disc Diffusion method.

Q: What are the hedonic testing parameters used to assess the ODF preparations?

A: The hedonic properties of the ODF preparations were evaluated using a range of parameters, including taste, texture, color, and aroma.

Q: What are the results of the hedonic testing?

A: The results of the hedonic testing show that the F0 and F1 formulas are a choice that respondents preferred in all parameters tested.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: This study provides a foundation for the development of natural oral refreshing preparations using kersen leaf extract. Future studies can focus on scaling up the production of ODF preparations, conducting clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness of ODF preparations in reducing bad breath, and investigating the potential of kersen leaf extract in other oral health applications.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include the development of natural oral refreshing preparations, such as mouthwashes, toothpastes, and chewing gums, that can help to reduce bad breath and promote oral health.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include the small sample size and the limited duration of the stability testing.

Q: What are the future directions of this study?

A: Future studies can focus on scaling up the production of ODF preparations, conducting clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness of ODF preparations in reducing bad breath, and investigating the potential of kersen leaf extract in other oral health applications.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this Q&A article provides a summary of the frequently asked questions related to the formulation and evaluation of oral dissolving film (ODF) preparations using ethanol extract of kersen leaves (Muntingia Calabura L.) as a mouth freshener. We hope that this article will provide a useful resource for researchers and practitioners interested in this topic.