Limitations and Potential Issues

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 31 views

Introduction

Panache 2 is a significant improvement in connecting to databases through Hibernate, offering multiple paradigms such as Session vs. StatelessSession, JDBC vs. reactive, and more. While this flexibility is beneficial, it can lead to issues when using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint, especially when aiming for a transactional whole. In this article, we will explore the current situation and propose ideas for addressing these limitations.

Current Situation

Using Multiple Paradigms in a Single Endpoint

When working with Hibernate ORM, using both a Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint is generally fine, as the JDBC connection is shared at the Agroal level. This means that all connection requests during a single JTA transaction yield the same connection, and the Session and StatelessSession will share their connection, thus the same DB transaction.

However, when using Hibernate Reactive, using both a Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint is likely not fine at all. Each will likely leverage an independent transaction, leading to potential issues such as conflicting updates, transaction rollbacks, and inconsistency in the DB.

Using Both Hibernate ORM and Hibernate Reactive in the Same Transactions

When using both Hibernate ORM and Hibernate Reactive in the same transactions, ORM will enroll in a JTA transaction, but Reactive will not. Instead, Reactive will use non-JTA transactions. This can lead to conflicting updates, transaction rollbacks, and worse, rollback in one of the transactions will not trigger a rollback in the other one, resulting in inconsistency in the DB.

Limitations and Potential Issues

The current situation highlights several limitations and potential issues when using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint:

Conflicting updates: Using multiple paradigms can lead to conflicting updates, which can result in transaction rollbacks and inconsistency in the DB.
Transaction rollbacks: Rollback in one transaction will not trigger a rollback in the other transaction, leading to inconsistency in the DB.
Inconsistency in the DB: The use of multiple paradigms can lead to inconsistency in the DB, making it challenging to maintain data integrity.

Implementation Ideas

To address these limitations and potential issues, we propose the following implementation ideas:

Document limitations: Document the limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint.
Forbid using Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint: Consider forbidding the use of Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint targeting the same datasource.
Forbid using both of Hibernate Reactive's Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint: Consider forbidding the use of both Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while Panache 2 offers significant improvements in connecting to databases through Hibernate, it also introduces limitations and potential issues when using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint. To address these limitations, we propose documenting the limitations and potential issues, forbidding the use of Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint, and forbidding the use of both Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint.

By implementing these ideas, we can ensure that developers are aware of the limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint, and can take necessary precautions to maintain data integrity and consistency in the DB.

Recommendations

Based on the analysis and implementation ideas presented in this article, we recommend the following:

Use a single paradigm: Use a single paradigm in a single endpoint to avoid potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms.
Document limitations: Document the limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint.
Forbid using Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint: Forbid the use of Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint targeting the same datasource.
Forbid using both of Hibernate Reactive's Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint: Forbid the use of both Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint.

Q: What are the main limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint?

A: The main limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint include conflicting updates, transaction rollbacks, and inconsistency in the DB. When using multiple paradigms, each will likely leverage an independent transaction, leading to potential issues such as conflicting updates, transaction rollbacks, and inconsistency in the DB.

Q: What is the current situation when using both Hibernate ORM and Hibernate Reactive in the same transactions?

A: When using both Hibernate ORM and Hibernate Reactive in the same transactions, ORM will enroll in a JTA transaction, but Reactive will not. Instead, Reactive will use non-JTA transactions. This can lead to conflicting updates, transaction rollbacks, and worse, rollback in one of the transactions will not trigger a rollback in the other one, resulting in inconsistency in the DB.

Q: Why is it not recommended to use both Hibernate Reactive's `Session` and `StatelessSession` in the same endpoint?

A: It is not recommended to use both Hibernate Reactive's Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint because each will likely leverage an independent transaction. This can lead to conflicting updates, transaction rollbacks, and inconsistency in the DB.

Q: What are the potential consequences of using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint?

A: The potential consequences of using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint include:

Conflicting updates: Conflicting updates can lead to transaction rollbacks and inconsistency in the DB.
Transaction rollbacks: Rollback in one transaction will not trigger a rollback in the other transaction, leading to inconsistency in the DB.
Inconsistency in the DB: The use of multiple paradigms can lead to inconsistency in the DB, making it challenging to maintain data integrity.

Q: What are the recommended best practices for avoiding potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint?

A: The recommended best practices for avoiding potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint include:

Use a single paradigm: Use a single paradigm in a single endpoint to avoid potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms.
Document limitations: Document the limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint.
Forbid using Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint: Forbid the use of Hibernate Reactive and Hibernate ORM in the same endpoint targeting the same datasource.
Forbid using both of Hibernate Reactive's Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint: Forbid the use of both Session and StatelessSession in the same endpoint.

Q: What are the benefits of following the recommended best practices for avoiding potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint?

A: The benefits of following the recommended best practices for avoiding potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint include:

Improved data integrity: Following the recommended best practices can help ensure that data is consistent and accurate.
Reduced risk of transaction rollbacks: By avoiding the use of multiple paradigms in a single endpoint, you can reduce the risk of transaction rollbacks and inconsistency in the DB.
Improved application performance: By following the recommended best practices, you can improve application performance and reduce the risk of errors and inconsistencies.

Q: How can developers ensure that their applications are designed and implemented with data integrity and consistency in mind?

A: Developers can ensure that their applications are designed and implemented with data integrity and consistency in mind by:

Following the recommended best practices: Follow the recommended best practices for avoiding potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint.
Documenting limitations: Document the limitations and potential issues associated with using multiple paradigms in a single endpoint.
Testing thoroughly: Test the application thoroughly to ensure that it is functioning as expected and that data is consistent and accurate.
Monitoring application performance: Monitor application performance to ensure that it is meeting expectations and that data is consistent and accurate.