Law Number 31 of 1999 and its Amendments

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 118 views

Corporate Criminal Responsibility Committing Criminal Acts of Corruption in Terms of Law No. 31 of 1999 Concerning Limiting of Corruption and Perma Crimes No.13 of 2016 Concerning Procedures for Handling Criminal Crimes by Corporations (Decision Study No. 812/Pid.Sus/2010/PN.BJM)

Introduction

Corruption is a significant threat to the life of a nation. The modus operandi of corruption continues to grow more sophisticated, making law enforcement officials difficult in handling it. At present, corruption is not only carried out by individuals, but also by legal entities or corporations as legal subjects. Therefore, it is essential to understand the criminal accountability system for corporations that commit corruption. This is caused by the fact that the mechanism of criminal responsibility for corporations is different from individuals. This understanding is crucial, given the criminal law policy that will be applied to the corporation as a perpetrator of corruption.

In this study, we will discuss several important aspects, such as criminal law policies in Indonesia related to corporate criminal acts committed by corporations, as well as criminal accountability faced by corporations in the context. The method used is a normative (normative juridical) approach with data collection techniques through library research, which emphasizes secondary data. This research includes legislation, books, articles, and magazines that are relevant to this topic, and all information will be analyzed qualitatively.

The Regulation of Corporate Criminal Responsibility for Corruption

Law Number 31 of 1999 and its Amendments

The regulation regarding corporate criminal responsibility for corruption is regulated in Law Number 31 of 1999 which has been amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption. This law provides a foundation for law enforcers to examine, try, and decide on criminal acts committed by the corporation. The law emphasizes the importance of corporate accountability for corruption and provides a framework for the prosecution of corporate crimes.

Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016

In addition, the handling of criminal cases committed by corporations specifically is also regulated in the Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 concerning Handling Criminal Cases by Corporations. This regulation provides a detailed framework for the handling of corporate crimes, including the procedures for investigation, prosecution, and trial.

The Decision Study No. 812/Pid.Sus/2010/PN.BJM

One interesting case to be analyzed is decision number 812/Pid.Sus/2010/PN.BJM. This decision shows how the Indonesian legal system regulates corporate criminal accountability in the context of corruption. In the decision, corporations as perpetrators of corruption must be able to account for actions taken by employees or authorized parties in the company. This confirms that although corporations are legal entities, they still have legal responsibilities for criminal acts committed.

Corporate Criminal Responsibility: A Complex Issue

Corporate criminal responsibility is a complex thing and requires a collaboration between various parties, both the government, law enforcement agencies, and the community. Criminal law policies in Indonesia need to be evaluated regularly in order to adapt changes in the forms and modes of corruption that continue to develop. In addition, it is essential for the community to have a good understanding of corporate criminal accountability in order to actively participate in preventing and fighting corruption.

Conclusion

Overall, this article aims to provide a deeper understanding of the corporate criminal responsibility involved in corruption and legal policies that regulate it. By understanding these aspects, it is hoped that more effective solutions can emerge in eradicating corruption in Indonesia.

Recommendations

The government should regularly evaluate and update the criminal law policies in Indonesia to adapt to the changing forms and modes of corruption.
Law enforcement agencies should work closely with the community to prevent and fight corruption.
The community should have a good understanding of corporate criminal accountability in order to actively participate in preventing and fighting corruption.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of the current criminal law policies in Indonesia in preventing and fighting corruption.
A study on the impact of corporate criminal responsibility on the economy and society is also necessary.
A comparative study on the corporate criminal responsibility laws and regulations in other countries is also recommended.

References

Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning Limiting of Corruption
Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption
Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 concerning Handling Criminal Cases by Corporations
Decision Study No. 812/Pid.Sus/2010/PN.BJM

Limitations of the Study

This study is limited to the analysis of the current criminal law policies in Indonesia and does not explore the effectiveness of these policies in preventing and fighting corruption.
The study only focuses on the corporate criminal responsibility for corruption and does not explore other forms of corporate crimes.
The study is based on secondary data and does not involve primary data collection.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of the current criminal law policies in Indonesia in preventing and fighting corruption.
A study on the impact of corporate criminal responsibility on the economy and society is also necessary.
A comparative study on the corporate criminal responsibility laws and regulations in other countries is also recommended.

Conclusion

In conclusion, corporate criminal responsibility is a complex issue that requires a collaboration between various parties, both the government, law enforcement agencies, and the community. The regulation of corporate criminal responsibility for corruption is regulated in Law Number 31 of 1999 which has been amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption. The Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 concerning Handling Criminal Cases by Corporations provides a detailed framework for the handling of corporate crimes. The decision study No. 812/Pid.Sus/2010/PN.BJM shows how the Indonesian legal system regulates corporate criminal accountability in the context of corruption.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Corporate Criminal Responsibility Committing Criminal Acts of Corruption

Q1: What is corporate criminal responsibility?

A1: Corporate criminal responsibility refers to the liability of a corporation for criminal acts committed by its employees or authorized parties. This means that the corporation can be held accountable for the actions of its employees, even if they were not directly involved in the criminal act.

Q2: What is the difference between corporate criminal responsibility and individual criminal responsibility?

A2: The main difference between corporate criminal responsibility and individual criminal responsibility is that corporate criminal responsibility is based on the actions of the corporation as a whole, while individual criminal responsibility is based on the actions of a specific individual. In other words, corporate criminal responsibility is a collective liability, while individual criminal responsibility is a personal liability.

Q3: What are the consequences of corporate criminal responsibility?

A3: The consequences of corporate criminal responsibility can be severe, including fines, penalties, and even the revocation of the corporation's license to operate. In addition, corporate criminal responsibility can also damage the reputation of the corporation and lead to a loss of public trust.

Q4: How is corporate criminal responsibility enforced in Indonesia?

A4: Corporate criminal responsibility is enforced in Indonesia through the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 concerning Handling Criminal Cases by Corporations. The Indonesian government has also established a number of agencies and institutions to enforce corporate criminal responsibility, including the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the Financial Services Authority (OJK).

Q5: What are the key factors that determine corporate criminal responsibility in Indonesia?

A5: The key factors that determine corporate criminal responsibility in Indonesia include the level of involvement of the corporation in the criminal act, the level of knowledge of the corporation about the criminal act, and the level of control of the corporation over the employees or authorized parties who committed the criminal act.

Q6: How can corporations prevent and fight corruption?

A6: Corporations can prevent and fight corruption by implementing a number of measures, including establishing a strong compliance program, conducting regular audits and risk assessments, and providing training to employees on anti-corruption laws and regulations. Corporations can also work closely with law enforcement agencies and other stakeholders to prevent and fight corruption.

Q7: What is the role of the community in preventing and fighting corruption?

A7: The community plays a crucial role in preventing and fighting corruption by reporting suspicious activities and providing information to law enforcement agencies. The community can also participate in anti-corruption initiatives and campaigns, and can hold corporations and government officials accountable for their actions.

Q8: What are the benefits of corporate criminal responsibility?

A8: The benefits of corporate criminal responsibility include the prevention of corruption and the promotion of a culture of compliance within corporations. Corporate criminal responsibility also helps to ensure that corporations are held accountable for their actions and that justice is served.

Q9: What are the challenges of corporate criminal responsibility?

A9: The challenges of corporate criminal responsibility include the difficulty of proving the involvement of the corporation in the criminal act, the complexity of the laws and regulations governing corporate criminal responsibility, and the need for cooperation and coordination between different agencies and stakeholders.

Q10: What is the future of corporate criminal responsibility in Indonesia?

A10: The future of corporate criminal responsibility in Indonesia is likely to be shaped by a number of factors, including the ongoing efforts to strengthen the laws and regulations governing corporate criminal responsibility, the increasing awareness of the importance of corporate accountability, and the growing role of the community in preventing and fighting corruption.