Investigate the effectiveness of health education programs

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 106 views

Understanding Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis: What is the knowledge of Sri Tenby Ipoh Middle School students?

Introduction

Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (SAR), commonly known as canker sores, is a common mouth disease experienced by adolescents. Although not life-threatening, SAR can cause pain that significantly disturbs and decreases the quality of life. To find out students' understanding of SAR, a descriptive study was conducted at the Sri Tenby Ipoh Middle School, Malaysia. This study involved 93 students aged 13-17 years out of a total of 122 students at the school.

Background of Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis

Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (SAR) is a common condition that affects many adolescents worldwide. It is characterized by the appearance of painful ulcers in the mouth, which can be a significant source of discomfort and distress. Despite its prevalence, SAR is often misunderstood, and many people are unaware of its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. In this study, we aimed to investigate the knowledge of SAR among students at the Sri Tenby Ipoh Middle School, Malaysia.

Methodology

This study employed a descriptive design, where a sample of 93 students aged 13-17 years was selected from a total of 122 students at the Sri Tenby Ipoh Middle School, Malaysia. The students were asked to complete a questionnaire that assessed their knowledge of SAR, including its physical characteristics, causes, and treatment options.

Results

The results of the study showed that most students had knowledge of SAR, especially regarding its physical characteristics. As many as 63.4% of students know that SAR occurs repeatedly, 72% know the existence of a reddish circle around it, and 81.7% know that SAR is round or oval. However, students' understanding of the factors causing SAR is still diverse. Although 58.1% of students know food allergies as a cause, only 16.1% know genetic factors. Knowledge of vitamin deficiency as a cause of SAR is higher, which is 62.4%, and 45.2% of students understand that stress can trigger SAR emergence. The trauma factor is also associated with SAR by 78.5% of students.

In terms of treatment, students are more familiar with the use of chemical drugs (65.6%) than herbal medicine (80.6%).

Discussion

The results of this study show that students in the Sri Tenby Ipoh Middle School have basic knowledge about SAR, but their understanding still needs to be improved. Increasing knowledge about the causative factors and SAR treatment is very important so that students can do proper prevention and treatment. This can be done through health education in schools, both through formal learning programs and attractive and interactive health campaigns. Increased knowledge about SAR can help students to live healthier and overcome oral health problems that they may experience.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of health education in schools to improve students' understanding of SAR. By increasing knowledge about the causes and treatment options of SAR, students can take proactive steps to prevent and manage this condition. We recommend that schools incorporate SAR education into their health programs, using interactive and engaging methods to reach students.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, we recommend the following:

Health education programs: Schools should incorporate SAR education into their health programs, using interactive and engaging methods to reach students.
Teacher training: Teachers should be trained to provide accurate and up-to-date information about SAR to students.
Student awareness: Students should be made aware of the causes, symptoms, and treatment options of SAR to enable them to take proactive steps to prevent and manage this condition.
Parental involvement: Parents should be informed about SAR and its impact on students' quality of life, to enable them to provide support and guidance to their children.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Sample size: The sample size of 93 students may not be representative of the entire student population at the Sri Tenby Ipoh Middle School, Malaysia.
Questionnaire design: The questionnaire used in this study may not have been comprehensive enough to capture all aspects of students' knowledge about SAR.
Data collection: The data collection method used in this study may have been subject to biases and limitations.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to:

Investigate the effectiveness of health education programs: Studies should investigate the effectiveness of health education programs in improving students' understanding of SAR.
Explore the impact of SAR on students' quality of life: Studies should explore the impact of SAR on students' quality of life, including its effects on their physical and emotional well-being.
Develop evidence-based interventions: Studies should develop evidence-based interventions to prevent and manage SAR in students.

References

[1] World Health Organization. (2019). Oral health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health
[2] American Dental Association. (2020). Canker sores. Retrieved from https://www.ada.org/en/about-the-ada/ada-positions-policies-and-statements/statement-on-canker-sores
[3] National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. (2020). Canker sores. Retrieved from https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/canker-sores
Frequently Asked Questions about Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (SAR)

Q: What is Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (SAR)?

A: Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (SAR), commonly known as canker sores, is a common mouth disease experienced by adolescents. It is characterized by the appearance of painful ulcers in the mouth, which can be a significant source of discomfort and distress.

Q: What are the symptoms of SAR?

A: The symptoms of SAR include:

Painful ulcers in the mouth
Redness and swelling around the ulcers
Difficulty eating and speaking
Discomfort and distress

Q: What are the causes of SAR?

A: The causes of SAR are not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to:

Food allergies
Genetic factors
Vitamin deficiency
Stress
Trauma

Q: How is SAR diagnosed?

A: SAR is typically diagnosed based on the appearance of the ulcers and the symptoms experienced by the individual. A healthcare professional may also perform a physical examination and take a medical history to confirm the diagnosis.

Q: How is SAR treated?

A: SAR can be treated with:

Topical creams and ointments
Pain relievers
Antihistamines
Steroids
Antibiotics (in severe cases)

Q: Can SAR be prevented?

A: While there is no surefire way to prevent SAR, some measures can be taken to reduce the risk of developing the condition, such as:

Maintaining good oral hygiene
Avoiding triggers such as spicy or acidic foods
Managing stress
Getting enough rest and sleep

Q: How long does it take for SAR to heal?

A: The healing time for SAR can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment. In general, SAR can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks to heal.

Q: Can SAR be contagious?

A: No, SAR is not contagious. It is a non-infectious condition that is not spread from person to person.

Q: Can SAR be a sign of an underlying condition?

A: Yes, in some cases, SAR can be a sign of an underlying condition such as:

Celiac disease
Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Q: How can I manage the symptoms of SAR?

A: To manage the symptoms of SAR, you can try:

Applying topical creams and ointments to reduce pain and inflammation
Taking pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
Avoiding triggers such as spicy or acidic foods
Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water
Getting enough rest and sleep

Q: When should I seek medical attention for SAR?

A: You should seek medical attention for SAR if:

The condition is severe and does not respond to treatment
You experience difficulty eating or speaking
You have a fever or swollen lymph nodes
You have a weakened immune system

Q: Can SAR be a recurring condition?

A: Yes, SAR can be a recurring condition. Some people may experience repeated episodes of SAR, while others may experience a single episode.

Q: How can I prevent SAR from recurring?

A: To prevent SAR from recurring, you can try:

Maintaining good oral hygiene
Avoiding triggers such as spicy or acidic foods
Managing stress
Getting enough rest and sleep
Taking supplements such as vitamin B12 or iron to prevent deficiencies

Q: Can SAR be a sign of a nutritional deficiency?

A: Yes, SAR can be a sign of a nutritional deficiency such as:

Vitamin B12 deficiency
Iron deficiency
Folate deficiency

Q: How can I get enough nutrients to prevent SAR?

A: To get enough nutrients to prevent SAR, you can try:

Eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins
Taking supplements such as vitamin B12 or iron
Drinking plenty of water to stay hydrated
Avoiding processed and packaged foods that are low in nutrients

Q: Can SAR be a sign of a hormonal imbalance?

A: Yes, SAR can be a sign of a hormonal imbalance such as:

Thyroid dysfunction
Adrenal gland dysfunction
Hormonal imbalances during menstruation or menopause

Q: How can I manage hormonal imbalances to prevent SAR?

A: To manage hormonal imbalances to prevent SAR, you can try:

Maintaining a healthy weight
Eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins
Avoiding processed and packaged foods that are low in nutrients
Getting enough rest and sleep
Managing stress through relaxation techniques such as meditation or deep breathing.