Increased Trends and Decreased Cases of SGB

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 128 views

The Incidence and Output of the Guillain-Barre Syndrome at the 2012-2019 Adam Malik Hospital: A Comprehensive Analysis

Understanding Guillain-Barré's Syndrome Pattern at Adam Malik Hajj Hospital: 2012-2019 Data Analysis

Guillain-Barré (SGB) syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease, where the immune system attacks nerves, causing muscle weakness and even paralysis. The cause of SGB is generally a viral or bacterial infection, including those related to acute infections such as *Campylobacter jejuni *, *Cytomegalovirus *, *Epstein-Barr Virus *, *Mycoplasma pneumoniae *, *haemophilus influenza *, and *varicella-zooster virus *. The main symptoms of SGB are sensory weaknesses and disorders, often characterized by progressive weakness in the feet and hands, loss of reflexes, and symmetry of weakness between the left and right body parts.

This study analyzed SGB data at Adam Malik Hajj Hospital from 2012 to 2019. Through secondary data analysis from medical records, this study revealed the pattern of events and SGB output during that period.

Increased Trends and Decreased Cases of SGB

The results showed that the number of SGB cases in Adam Malik Hajj Hospital had increased since 2012, reaching its peak in 2018 with 52 cases (28.1%). However, there was a decrease in case trends in 2019, with only 29 cases (15.7%). This trend suggests that the incidence of SGB may be influenced by various factors, including environmental and demographic changes.

SGB Patient Characteristics

Most SGB patients in Adam Malik Hajj Hospital are male (56.2%) and are under 40 years old (63.2%). Unknown disease history is the most commonly found factor (65.9%), followed by a history of upper respiratory tract infections (ARI) and gastroenteritis. These findings suggest that SGB patients may be more susceptible to infections and have a higher risk of developing the disease.

General Clinical Symptoms

Weaknesses in the four limbs are the most common symptoms found in SGB patients in Adam Malik Hajj Hospital (46.5%). Other symptoms that often appear are paresthesia (31.4%) and weakness in both legs (22.1%). These symptoms are consistent with the typical presentation of SGB, which is characterized by progressive weakness and sensory disturbances.

SGB Patient Output

The results of this study indicate that the output of SGB patients varies. As many as 56.2% of patients successfully recovered fully, while 13.5% died within 30 days after treatment. The rest experience disabilities with different severity. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and treatment of SGB to improve patient outcomes.

Conclusion and Implications

This study provides an overview of the pattern of events and SGB output at Adam Malik Hajj Hospital. Data shows the trend of increasing SGB cases until 2018, followed by a decline in 2019. The majority of SGB patients are male, young adults, and have a history of unknown disease. Weaknesses in the four limbs are the most common symptoms. This study provides important information for medical personnel in improving prevention, early detection strategies, and handling of SGB patients.

The Importance of Early Detection and Treatment

Early detection and handling of SGB are very important to increase the chances of healing and prevent disabilities. Immediately consult a doctor if you experience symptoms such as muscle weakness, sensory disorders, or tingling, especially if these symptoms appear progressively and are accompanied by a history of previous infections.

Further Research

Further research is needed to understand the factors that influence the increase and decline in SGB cases in Adam Malik Hajj Hospital. Research on risk factors, prevention strategies, and development of new therapy for SGB also needs to be done to improve the treatment and quality of life of patients.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. The data used in this study was obtained from secondary sources, which may be subject to errors or biases. Additionally, the study only analyzed data from Adam Malik Hajj Hospital, which may not be representative of other hospitals or populations.

Recommendations for Future Research

Based on the findings of this study, several recommendations for future research can be made. Firstly, further research is needed to understand the factors that influence the increase and decline in SGB cases in Adam Malik Hajj Hospital. Secondly, research on risk factors, prevention strategies, and development of new therapy for SGB needs to be done to improve the treatment and quality of life of patients. Finally, studies on the long-term outcomes of SGB patients are also needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the disease.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the incidence and output of the Guillain-Barre syndrome at the 2012-2019 Adam Malik Hospital. The results show that the number of SGB cases increased until 2018, followed by a decline in 2019. The majority of SGB patients are male, young adults, and have a history of unknown disease. Weaknesses in the four limbs are the most common symptoms. This study provides important information for medical personnel in improving prevention, early detection strategies, and handling of SGB patients.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Q: What is Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?

A: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the nerves, causing muscle weakness and even paralysis.

Q: What are the common symptoms of GBS?

A: The common symptoms of GBS include muscle weakness, sensory disturbances, and tingling sensations in the feet and hands. Other symptoms may include loss of reflexes, weakness in the four limbs, and paresthesia.

Q: What are the risk factors for developing GBS?

A: The risk factors for developing GBS include a history of viral or bacterial infections, such as Campylobacter jejuni, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Varicella-zoster virus.

Q: How is GBS diagnosed?

A: GBS is diagnosed based on a combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and electromyography (EMG) or nerve conduction studies (NCS).

Q: What is the treatment for GBS?

A: The treatment for GBS typically involves plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to reduce the levels of antibodies attacking the nerves.

Q: What are the outcomes of GBS?

A: The outcomes of GBS vary, but most patients recover fully, while some may experience disabilities or even death.

Q: Can GBS be prevented?

A: While there is no surefire way to prevent GBS, getting vaccinated against certain infections, such as Haemophilus influenzae and Varicella-zoster virus, may help reduce the risk of developing the disease.

Q: How can I reduce my risk of developing GBS?

A: To reduce your risk of developing GBS, maintain good hygiene practices, avoid close contact with people who are sick, and get vaccinated against certain infections.

Q: What should I do if I experience symptoms of GBS?

A: If you experience symptoms of GBS, such as muscle weakness, sensory disturbances, or tingling sensations, seek medical attention immediately.

Q: Can GBS recur?

A: Yes, GBS can recur, but the risk of recurrence is relatively low.

Q: How long does it take to recover from GBS?

A: The recovery time from GBS varies, but most patients recover within 6-12 months.

Q: Are there any long-term effects of GBS?

A: Yes, some patients may experience long-term effects of GBS, such as muscle weakness, fatigue, or sensory disturbances.

Q: Can GBS be treated with alternative therapies?

A: While there is limited evidence to support the use of alternative therapies for GBS, some patients may find relief from symptoms through alternative approaches, such as acupuncture or massage therapy.

Q: Where can I find more information about GBS?

A: You can find more information about GBS from reputable sources, such as the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), or the Guillain-Barré Syndrome Foundation International (GBSFI).