Incorporate filler walls in building design

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 132 views

Parametric Study Performance of Red Brick Fillers in Reinforced Concrete Structures due to Earthquake Loads

Introduction

In the world of construction, the filler walls made of red bricks are often seen as additional burdens that are channeled into building structures. This assumption results in the impact of the strength and stiffness of the filler walls not calculated in building planning. Generally, structure planning assumes buildings as an open frame structure where non-structural brick walls function as a burden of gravity that works on the beam. However, in reality, this filling wall can significantly affect the behavior of the structure of the building itself.

The importance of understanding the role of filler walls in building structures cannot be overstated, especially in regions prone to earthquakes. Earthquakes can cause significant damage to buildings, leading to loss of life and property. Therefore, it is essential to design buildings that can withstand earthquake loads and minimize damage. This thesis aims to explore how much influence the stiffness, strength, and configuration of brick walls on the whole structure.

Methodology

In this study, the building structure was modeled as a two-dimensional portal and consisted of five models, namely:

Open Frame Structure: This model represents a traditional building structure with no filler walls.
Fully-Infiled Wall Frame Structure: This model represents a building structure with a fully-filled wall made of red bricks.
Fully-infiled Wall Frame structure with 16% openings: This model represents a building structure with a fully-filled wall made of red bricks, but with 16% openings.
Fully-infiled Wall Frame structure with 40% openings: This model represents a building structure with a fully-filled wall made of red bricks, but with 40% openings.
Open First-Story Frame Structure: This model represents a building structure with an open first-story frame and a fully-filled wall made of red bricks on the upper stories.

Results

The results of the analysis show that the contribution of the filler wall made of red brick greatly affects the lateral stiffness of the structure. In this case, the presence of a rigid filler wall at one level, while other levels do not have a filler wall, can cause a weak level of level (soft story). This shows that uneven distributing wall distribution can reduce the overall stability of the structure.

Furthermore, this study also revealed that the opening on the filler wall had a significant effect on the strength of the wall. Walls with a 40% opening show that there is no significant impact on the performance of the main structure. In this case, the choice of configuration and opening size is very important to maintain the strength of the wall without sacrificing the integrity of the building.

Discussion

The installation of red brick filling walls can increase structural capacity. This study shows that the structural model with the filler wall has a greater capacity, with an increase of 12.833% in the earthquake zone 4 and 28.931% in the earthquake zone 6. While for models with a opening of 16%, there is an increase in capacity of 3.015% in the earthquake zone 4 and 7.135% in the earthquake zone 6.

However, it is essential to note that although the existence of the filler wall can increase the capacity of the structure, this is also inversely proportional to the structural ductility. The study found that there was a reduction in ductility to 56.344% in earthquake zones 4 and 7.405% in earthquake zones 6. This shows that although the structure is stronger to lateral loads, it may become less flexible, which can be at risk in a very strong earthquake situation.

Conclusion

In order to improve the safety and performance of buildings, more precise planning regarding the filler wall is very important. Taking into account factors such as stiffness, strength, and configuration of brick walls, architects and civil engineers can design structures that are not only strong but also safer in dealing with earthquake disasters. In the future, this research is expected to provide valuable insights for better earthquake-resistant building planning, as well as educating the public about the importance of the role of the filler walls in the overall design of the structure.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Incorporate filler walls in building design: Filler walls made of red bricks can significantly affect the behavior of the structure of the building. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate filler walls in building design to improve the safety and performance of buildings.
Optimize filler wall configuration: The choice of configuration and opening size of the filler wall is crucial to maintain the strength of the wall without sacrificing the integrity of the building.
Consider structural ductility: Although the existence of the filler wall can increase the capacity of the structure, it is essential to consider the structural ductility to ensure that the structure remains flexible and can withstand strong earthquake loads.
Conduct further research: Further research is needed to investigate the effects of filler walls on building structures in different earthquake zones and to develop more precise design guidelines for filler walls.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Two-dimensional modeling: The study used a two-dimensional modeling approach, which may not accurately represent the behavior of real-world buildings.
Limited number of models: The study only considered five models, which may not be representative of all possible building configurations.
Assumptions: The study made several assumptions, including the assumption that the filler wall is made of red bricks and that the building structure is a two-dimensional portal.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

Investigating the effects of filler walls on building structures in different earthquake zones: Further research is needed to investigate the effects of filler walls on building structures in different earthquake zones.
Developing more precise design guidelines for filler walls: More precise design guidelines for filler walls are needed to ensure that buildings are safe and perform well in earthquake disasters.
Investigating the effects of other factors on building structures: Other factors, such as soil conditions and building materials, can also affect the behavior of building structures. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of these factors on building structures.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Parametric Study Performance of Red Brick Fillers in Reinforced Concrete Structures due to Earthquake Loads

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of red brick fillers on the performance of reinforced concrete structures under earthquake loads.

Q: What are the main findings of this study?

A: The main findings of this study are that the presence of red brick fillers can significantly affect the lateral stiffness of the structure, and that the opening on the filler wall has a significant effect on the strength of the wall.

Q: What are the implications of this study for building design?

A: The implications of this study for building design are that filler walls made of red bricks can significantly affect the behavior of the structure of the building, and that the choice of configuration and opening size of the filler wall is crucial to maintain the strength of the wall without sacrificing the integrity of the building.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study are that it used a two-dimensional modeling approach, which may not accurately represent the behavior of real-world buildings, and that it only considered five models, which may not be representative of all possible building configurations.

Q: What are the recommendations of this study for building design?

A: The recommendations of this study for building design are that filler walls should be incorporated into building design to improve the safety and performance of buildings, and that the structural ductility should be considered to ensure that the structure remains flexible and can withstand strong earthquake loads.

Q: What are the future research directions of this study?

A: The future research directions of this study are to investigate the effects of filler walls on building structures in different earthquake zones, to develop more precise design guidelines for filler walls, and to investigate the effects of other factors on building structures.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study are in the design and construction of buildings in earthquake-prone regions, and in the development of more earthquake-resistant building designs.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study are that it can help to improve the safety and performance of buildings in earthquake-prone regions, and that it can contribute to the development of more earthquake-resistant building designs.

Q: What are the potential challenges of this study?

A: The potential challenges of this study are that it requires a deep understanding of the behavior of building structures under earthquake loads, and that it requires the development of more precise design guidelines for filler walls.

Q: What are the potential future developments of this study?

A: The potential future developments of this study are that it can be used to develop more advanced building designs that can withstand strong earthquake loads, and that it can be used to improve the safety and performance of buildings in earthquake-prone regions.

Q: What are the potential collaborations of this study?

A: The potential collaborations of this study are with architects, engineers, and researchers who are interested in building design and earthquake engineering.

Q: What are the potential funding opportunities of this study?

A: The potential funding opportunities of this study are from government agencies, private companies, and research institutions that are interested in supporting research in building design and earthquake engineering.

Q: What are the potential impact of this study?

A: The potential impact of this study is that it can contribute to the development of more earthquake-resistant building designs, and that it can help to improve the safety and performance of buildings in earthquake-prone regions.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study are that it requires a deep understanding of the behavior of building structures under earthquake loads, and that it requires the development of more precise design guidelines for filler walls.

Q: What are the potential opportunities of this study?

A: The potential opportunities of this study are that it can be used to develop more advanced building designs that can withstand strong earthquake loads, and that it can be used to improve the safety and performance of buildings in earthquake-prone regions.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study are that it requires a deep understanding of the behavior of building structures under earthquake loads, and that it requires the development of more precise design guidelines for filler walls.

Q: What are the potential solutions of this study?

A: The potential solutions of this study are that it can be used to develop more advanced building designs that can withstand strong earthquake loads, and that it can be used to improve the safety and performance of buildings in earthquake-prone regions.

Q: What are the potential timelines of this study?

A: The potential timelines of this study are that it can be completed within a few years, and that it can be used to develop more advanced building designs that can withstand strong earthquake loads.

Q: What are the potential budgets of this study?

A: The potential budgets of this study are that it can be funded by government agencies, private companies, and research institutions that are interested in supporting research in building design and earthquake engineering.

Q: What are the potential outcomes of this study?

A: The potential outcomes of this study are that it can contribute to the development of more earthquake-resistant building designs, and that it can help to improve the safety and performance of buildings in earthquake-prone regions.