Improvement of TNI Institutional System

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 9 views

TNI Reform and Human Rights Violations: A Descriptive Study of Human Rights Violations by the TNI in North Sumatra after the 2006-2010 TNI Reform

Introduction

The Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (ABRI) has been a subject of controversy since the end of President Soeharto's leadership. The institution's image has declined in the eyes of the community, with many criticizing it for human rights violations (HAM). Despite the TNI reform journey that began in 2006, the results achieved are still far from expectations. This study aims to explore the relationship between TNI reform and human rights violations in North Sumatra, a region that has been plagued by such issues.

Background

The TNI reform journey has been ongoing for over a decade, with the primary goal of reducing human rights violations. However, the results achieved are still minimal, especially in the policy aspect. The role of military politics has been reduced, but human rights violations continue to occur. This study focuses on North Sumatra as a case study to explore the relationship between TNI reform and human rights violations.

Methodology

This study uses a descriptive analysis approach to examine the relationship between TNI reform and human rights violations in North Sumatra. The study aims to answer the question of whether after the implementation of TNI reform, the act of violations and the arbitrariness of the TNI apparatus has been reduced or even lost. The study also examines the factors that contribute to human rights violations, including the territorial command structure (Koter) and informal and illegal business activities carried out by the military.

Results

The results of the study show that human rights violations by the TNI still occur in North Sumatra. These violations are closely related to informal and illegal business activities carried out by the military. The territorial command structure (Koter) turned out to be one of the factors that supported the continued human rights violations. In this structure, there is an interaction between military business activities and civil society rights that are often ignored.

Discussion

TNI reforms that are expected to be able to solve the problem of human rights violations actually face various obstacles. The number of informal and illegal businesses run by military apparatus creates space for abuse of power. In many cases, the actions of military apparatus in upholding the law actually led to human rights violations. This shows that there is an urgent need to conduct evaluations and improvements in the TNI institutional system to be more accountable.

Human rights violations that occurred in North Sumatra also reflect how the structural and culture of military organizations is not yet entirely in line with the principles of human rights. Awareness of the importance of human rights protection among TNI officers must be improved through more intensive education and training.

Conclusion

Overall, although TNI reform has been going on for more than a decade, a big challenge must still be faced to achieve its main goal of reducing human rights violations. The awareness and active participation of all elements of society is very necessary in supporting this reform so that it can run well and effectively. Thus, it is hoped that in the future there will be a significant improvement in the protection of human rights and social justice in Indonesia, especially in North Sumatra.

Recommendations

Improvement of TNI Institutional System: There is an urgent need to conduct evaluations and improvements in the TNI institutional system to be more accountable.
Education and Training: Awareness of the importance of human rights protection among TNI officers must be improved through more intensive education and training.
Community Involvement: Public participation in the reform process is very crucial to encourage transparency and accountability.
Supervision of TNI's Actions: The community must be actively involved in monitoring the TNI's actions to ensure that they respect the basic rights of society.

Future Research Directions

This study provides a descriptive analysis of human rights violations by the TNI in North Sumatra after the 2006-2010 TNI reform. Future research can build on this study by conducting a more in-depth analysis of the factors that contribute to human rights violations, including the role of military politics and the impact of informal and illegal business activities. Additionally, future research can examine the effectiveness of TNI reform in reducing human rights violations and identify areas for improvement.
TNI Reform and Human Rights Violations: A Q&A Article

Introduction

The TNI reform journey has been ongoing for over a decade, with the primary goal of reducing human rights violations. However, the results achieved are still minimal, especially in the policy aspect. This Q&A article aims to provide answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about TNI reform and human rights violations in North Sumatra.

Q1: What is the main goal of TNI reform?

A1: The main goal of TNI reform is to reduce human rights violations and make the TNI more accountable to the public.

Q2: What are the main obstacles to TNI reform?

A2: The main obstacles to TNI reform are the number of informal and illegal businesses run by military apparatus, which creates space for abuse of power, and the lack of awareness among TNI officers about the importance of human rights protection.

Q3: What is the role of the territorial command structure (Koter) in human rights violations?

A3: The territorial command structure (Koter) is one of the factors that supports the continued human rights violations. In this structure, there is an interaction between military business activities and civil society rights that are often ignored.

Q4: How can the community support TNI reform?

A4: The community can support TNI reform by being actively involved in monitoring the TNI's actions, providing feedback and suggestions for improvement, and demanding transparency and accountability from the TNI.

Q5: What is the impact of informal and illegal business activities on human rights violations?

A5: Informal and illegal business activities run by military apparatus create space for abuse of power and lead to human rights violations. In many cases, the actions of military apparatus in upholding the law actually led to human rights violations.

Q6: How can TNI officers be educated and trained to respect human rights?

A6: TNI officers must be educated and trained to respect human rights through more intensive education and training programs. This can include training on human rights principles, conflict resolution, and community engagement.

Q7: What is the role of public participation in TNI reform?

A7: Public participation is crucial in TNI reform to encourage transparency and accountability. When the community is actively involved in monitoring the TNI's actions, it is hoped that pressure will emerge for the TNI to act more humanist and respect the basic rights of society.

Q8: What are the future directions for TNI reform?

A8: Future directions for TNI reform include improving the TNI institutional system, educating and training TNI officers, involving the community in the reform process, and supervising the TNI's actions to ensure that they respect the basic rights of society.

Conclusion

TNI reform is a complex and ongoing process that requires the active participation of all elements of society. By understanding the main obstacles to TNI reform and the role of the community in supporting this reform, we can work towards a more accountable and human rights-respecting TNI.