Improved Nutrition Knowledge

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 86 views

Relationship of Nutrition Knowledge and Lack of Chronic Energy (KEK) with Anemia in Pregnant Women at Muara Satu Puskesmas Lhokseumawe City in 2018

Introduction

Anemia is a significant global health problem, particularly among women of childbearing age. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women worldwide reached 41.8% in 2018. The presence of anemia in pregnant women can lead to serious complications, including low birth weight, miscarriage, premature birth, and death in mothers and newborns. This study aims to investigate the relationship between nutritional knowledge and lack of chronic energy (KEK) with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women visiting the Muara Satu Health Center in Lhokseumawe City during 2018.

Background

Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. It can lead to fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing anemia due to increased blood volume and iron requirements. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that anemia affects approximately 1.62 billion people worldwide, with pregnant women being one of the most vulnerable groups.

Methodology

This study used a cross-sectional design involving 90 pregnant women as a sample. The study was conducted at the Muara Satu Health Center in Lhokseumawe City between December 2017 and July 2018. The sampling technique used was Simple Random Sampling. In this study, the independent variables tested were nutritional knowledge and KEK, while the dependent variable was anemia in pregnant women. To measure nutritional knowledge, questionnaires were used, and to assess the status of KEK, a measurement of the upper arm circumference (Lila) was used with a lila ribbon. Anemia data were obtained from the measurement of hemoglobin levels of pregnant women with Easy Touch GHB. The data collected were analyzed univariate and bivariate, with the chi-square test used for bivariate analysis.

Results

The results showed that 60% of pregnant women had less nutritional knowledge, 63.3% experienced SEZs (Chronic Energy Deficiency), and 54.4% of them experienced anemia. The results of the Chi-Square analysis indicate a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge (p = 0.008; pr = 3,538; 95% CI 1,461-8,571) and KEK (P = 0,000; Pr = 13.821; 95% CI 4,738-40,320) with anemia in pregnant women at Muara Satu Health Center Lhokseumawe City.

Discussion

The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge and KEK with anemia in pregnant women. Pregnant women with less nutritional knowledge and those experiencing SEZs are at a higher risk of developing anemia. This is consistent with previous studies that have shown a link between nutritional knowledge and anemia in pregnant women.

Conclusion

Based on these findings, it is recommended that the Muara Satu Puskesmas Lhokseumawe City be more active in conducting health counseling related to the importance of consumption of blood tablets and measurement of hemoglobin levels during pregnancy. More intensive education about nutrition and health of pregnant women is very important to reduce the incidence of anemia, as well as reducing the risk of complications that can negatively affect the health of the mother and baby. Increased nutritional knowledge is expected to form better eating habits, so that the nutritional status of pregnant women can be maintained, and in the end, can give birth to healthy and quality babies.

Recommendations

Health Counseling: The Muara Satu Puskesmas Lhokseumawe City should conduct regular health counseling sessions for pregnant women to educate them about the importance of consuming blood tablets and measuring hemoglobin levels during pregnancy.
Nutrition Education: More intensive education about nutrition and health of pregnant women is necessary to reduce the incidence of anemia and its complications.
Improved Nutrition Knowledge: Increased nutritional knowledge is expected to form better eating habits, which can maintain the nutritional status of pregnant women and lead to healthy and quality babies.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Small Sample Size: The sample size of 90 pregnant women may not be representative of the larger population.
Cross-Sectional Design: The cross-sectional design of the study may not allow for causal inferences.
Measurement Tools: The use of questionnaires and lila ribbons to measure nutritional knowledge and KEK may not be the most accurate or reliable methods.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

Investigate the Relationship between Nutrition Knowledge and Anemia in Pregnant Women: Further studies should investigate the relationship between nutrition knowledge and anemia in pregnant women to confirm the findings of this study.
Develop Effective Nutrition Education Programs: Researchers should develop effective nutrition education programs for pregnant women to improve their nutritional knowledge and reduce the incidence of anemia.
Conduct Longitudinal Studies: Longitudinal studies should be conducted to investigate the effects of nutrition education programs on the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of anemia.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Relationship of Nutrition Knowledge and Lack of Chronic Energy (KEK) with Anemia in Pregnant Women

Q: What is anemia, and why is it a concern for pregnant women?

A: Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. It can lead to fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing anemia due to increased blood volume and iron requirements.

Q: What is the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women worldwide?

A: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women worldwide reached 41.8% in 2018.

Q: What is the relationship between nutritional knowledge and anemia in pregnant women?

A: The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge and anemia in pregnant women. Pregnant women with less nutritional knowledge are at a higher risk of developing anemia.

Q: What is KEK, and how is it related to anemia in pregnant women?

A: KEK stands for Chronic Energy Deficiency. The study found that 63.3% of pregnant women experienced SEZs (Chronic Energy Deficiency), and 54.4% of them experienced anemia. The results of the Chi-Square analysis indicate a significant relationship between KEK and anemia in pregnant women.

Q: What are the recommendations for reducing the incidence of anemia in pregnant women?

A: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that the Muara Satu Puskesmas Lhokseumawe City be more active in conducting health counseling related to the importance of consumption of blood tablets and measurement of hemoglobin levels during pregnancy. More intensive education about nutrition and health of pregnant women is very important to reduce the incidence of anemia.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

Small Sample Size: The sample size of 90 pregnant women may not be representative of the larger population.
Cross-Sectional Design: The cross-sectional design of the study may not allow for causal inferences.
Measurement Tools: The use of questionnaires and lila ribbons to measure nutritional knowledge and KEK may not be the most accurate or reliable methods.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Future research should aim to:

Investigate the Relationship between Nutrition Knowledge and Anemia in Pregnant Women: Further studies should investigate the relationship between nutrition knowledge and anemia in pregnant women to confirm the findings of this study.
Develop Effective Nutrition Education Programs: Researchers should develop effective nutrition education programs for pregnant women to improve their nutritional knowledge and reduce the incidence of anemia.
Conduct Longitudinal Studies: Longitudinal studies should be conducted to investigate the effects of nutrition education programs on the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of anemia.

Q: What are the implications of this study for public health policy?

A: The findings of this study have significant implications for public health policy, particularly in the area of nutrition education for pregnant women. It highlights the need for more intensive education about nutrition and health of pregnant women to reduce the incidence of anemia and its complications.

Q: What are the potential benefits of improving nutrition knowledge among pregnant women?

A: Improved nutrition knowledge among pregnant women can lead to better eating habits, which can maintain the nutritional status of pregnant women and lead to healthy and quality babies. It can also reduce the risk of complications that can negatively affect the health of the mother and baby.