Get to know liquid smoke techniques and esterification

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 72 views

Introduction

The distinctive aroma of Sumatran incense has long been a subject of interest for researchers and enthusiasts alike. The unique blend of fragrances and compounds that make up this incense has been a topic of study for many years. In this study, we employed the Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) gas analysis technique to investigate the aroma profile of Sumatran incense using two extraction methods: liquid smoke and esterification techniques. Our goal was to identify the main types of compounds responsible for the aroma of Sumatran incense and to compare the effects of these two extraction methods on the profile of aroma compounds.

Get to know liquid smoke techniques and esterification

Liquid smoke technique is a method that utilizes wood smoke rich in aromatic compounds to extract the scent of incense. Liquid smoke contains various organic compounds that can bind to the aroma molecule in incense, producing extracts with distinctive characteristics. This technique is widely used in the production of incense and other fragrant products.

On the other hand, the esterification method involves a chemical reaction between carboxylic acids in incense and alcohol. This process produces esters, which are compounds that have a stronger and more durable aroma than carboxylic acids. Esterification is a common method used in the production of fragrances and perfumes.

GC-MS Analysis: Revealing Aroma Profile

GC-MS analysis of incense extracted with liquid smoke techniques shows the presence of 7 main types of compounds:

5-hydroxy-2 Deanoic acid lactone (C10H16O2): This compound gives a sweet and fragrant aroma that is typical of incense.
Acetic acid (C2H4O2): gives a sharp aroma and acid.
Phenol (C6H6O): donating a sharp and slightly spicy aroma.
Benzyl Benzoate (C14H12O2): has a sweet aroma and soft floral.
4-methoxy phenol (C7H8O2): spicy and slightly sweet scented.
Delta Decalactone (C10H18O2): Donates the aroma of fruit and floral.

Cervened extract by the esterification method produces 6 main types of compounds:

3-phenyl, 2-asam Propenoat methyl ester (C10H10O2): This compound has a flower aroma and is slightly spicy.
Benzene (C6H6): Giving a distinctive aroma of kerosene.
2-methyl buttiraldehyde (C5H10O): has a fruit and sweet aroma.
Sinamil Sinamat (C18H16O2): sweet and floral scented with a little cinnamon fragrance.
Methylsychlopentana (C6H12): Donates aroma like kerosene.
Benzyl Sinamat (C16H14O2): has a sweet and floral aroma with a little cinnamon fragrance.

Striking Difference

The results of the GC-MS analysis show that the two extraction methods produce different aroma compound profiles. The liquid smoke technique produces more compounds with sweet and fragrant aroma, while the esterification method produces more compounds with spicy and floral aroma. This difference shows that the selection of extraction methods can significantly affect the final aroma of incense products.

The Importance of GC-MS Analysis

GC-MS analysis is an important tool in understanding the chemical composition and aroma profiles of various products, including incense. By using this method, researchers and producers can identify aroma compounds that are responsible for the characteristics of a product, optimizing the extraction process, and developing products with a more attractive aroma.

Conclusion

This study succeeded in identifying the profile of Sumatran incense aroma compound using the GC-MS technique. The results of the analysis show that the two extraction methods, namely liquid smoke techniques and esterification, produce different aroma profiles. The use of GC-MS techniques opens opportunities to understand better about the complexity of the scent of incense and optimize the extraction process to produce products with a more attractive aroma.

Future Directions

Future studies can focus on optimizing the extraction process using liquid smoke and esterification techniques to produce incense with a more attractive aroma. Additionally, researchers can investigate the effects of different extraction methods on the aroma profile of incense from other regions.

Limitations

This study has some limitations. The sample size was limited, and the analysis was only conducted on two extraction methods. Future studies can include a larger sample size and investigate the effects of other extraction methods on the aroma profile of incense.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, we recommend the use of GC-MS analysis as a tool for understanding the chemical composition and aroma profiles of incense. Additionally, we recommend the optimization of the extraction process using liquid smoke and esterification techniques to produce incense with a more attractive aroma.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study has shown that the GC-MS technique can be used to identify the profile of Sumatran incense aroma compound. The results of the analysis show that the two extraction methods, namely liquid smoke techniques and esterification, produce different aroma profiles. The use of GC-MS techniques opens opportunities to understand better about the complexity of the scent of incense and optimize the extraction process to produce products with a more attractive aroma.

Q: What is GC-MS analysis?

A: GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis is a technique used to identify and quantify the chemical composition of a substance. It involves separating the components of a mixture based on their boiling points and then analyzing the mass-to-charge ratio of the ions produced.

Q: What is the purpose of GC-MS analysis in this study?

A: The purpose of GC-MS analysis in this study is to identify the main types of compounds responsible for the aroma of Sumatran incense and to compare the effects of two extraction methods (liquid smoke and esterification) on the profile of aroma compounds.

Q: What are the main types of compounds identified in the GC-MS analysis?

A: The main types of compounds identified in the GC-MS analysis are:

5-hydroxy-2 Deanoic acid lactone (C10H16O2): This compound gives a sweet and fragrant aroma that is typical of incense.
Acetic acid (C2H4O2): gives a sharp aroma and acid.
Phenol (C6H6O): donating a sharp and slightly spicy aroma.
Benzyl Benzoate (C14H12O2): has a sweet aroma and soft floral.
4-methoxy phenol (C7H8O2): spicy and slightly sweet scented.
Delta Decalactone (C10H18O2): Donates the aroma of fruit and floral.

Q: What is the difference between the two extraction methods?

A: The two extraction methods produce different aroma compound profiles. The liquid smoke technique produces more compounds with sweet and fragrant aroma, while the esterification method produces more compounds with spicy and floral aroma.

Q: Why is GC-MS analysis important in understanding the aroma of incense?

A: GC-MS analysis is an important tool in understanding the chemical composition and aroma profiles of various products, including incense. By using this method, researchers and producers can identify aroma compounds that are responsible for the characteristics of a product, optimizing the extraction process, and developing products with a more attractive aroma.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The sample size was limited, and the analysis was only conducted on two extraction methods. Future studies can include a larger sample size and investigate the effects of other extraction methods on the aroma profile of incense.

Q: What are the recommendations for future studies?

A: Based on the results of this study, we recommend the use of GC-MS analysis as a tool for understanding the chemical composition and aroma profiles of incense. Additionally, we recommend the optimization of the extraction process using liquid smoke and esterification techniques to produce incense with a more attractive aroma.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The results of this study can be applied in the production of incense and other fragrant products. By understanding the chemical composition and aroma profiles of incense, producers can develop products with a more attractive aroma and improve the quality of their products.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include the development of incense products with a more attractive aroma, improved quality of incense products, and a better understanding of the chemical composition and aroma profiles of incense.

Q: What are the potential challenges of this study?

A: The potential challenges of this study include the complexity of the chemical composition of incense, the limited sample size, and the need for further research to optimize the extraction process.

Q: What are the potential future directions of this study?

A: Future studies can focus on optimizing the extraction process using liquid smoke and esterification techniques to produce incense with a more attractive aroma. Additionally, researchers can investigate the effects of different extraction methods on the aroma profile of incense from other regions.