Effect of Benzoyl Peroxide on Adhesive Characteristics

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 36 views

The Influence of Benzoyl Peroxide as a Cross-Binding Initiator on the Adhesive Characteristics of Natural Rubber (SIR-10)/Natural Rubber (KAE) with Microbentonite Fillers

Introduction

The development of adhesive materials from natural rubber has become increasingly important in various industrial applications. Natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) are two types of rubber that have been widely used in the production of adhesive materials. However, the addition of fillers and initiators can significantly affect the properties of the adhesive material. In this study, we examined the effect of benzoyl peroxide as a cross-binding initiator on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.

Materials and Methods

The materials used in this study include natural rubber (SIR-10), natural rubber (KAE), benzoyl peroxide, Xylena, ZnO, microbentonite, BHT, C9 Resin, and PET film as a solvent, activator, filler, antioxidant, binder, and substrate. The manufacturing process began with mixing natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) until evenly distributed, then left for some time. The mixture was then poured into the PET film substrate and dried at room temperature. After that, the mixture was heated in the oven at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes.

Effect of Benzoyl Peroxide on Adhesive Characteristics

The effect of benzoyl peroxide on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers was examined using a peel test. The test results showed that the mixture with a variation of 2.5 PHR benzoyl peroxide produced optimal adhesion strength of 47.264 N/M. The optimal results of the peel test were further tested using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) characterization, and wettability analysis.

SEM Analysis

Morphological analysis using SEM showed that the optimal composition on the surface produced a better adhesion by forming a homogeneous phase. The SEM image showed a smooth and uniform surface, indicating a good adhesion between the rubber and the filler.

XRD Analysis

XRD analysis indicated that the cross-binding process had occurred, with a crystallinity level of 96% and a stable peak at 31,822 °, 32,741 °, and 36,294 °. The XRD pattern showed a high degree of crystallinity, indicating a strong interaction between the rubber and the filler.

Wettability Analysis

Wettability analysis showed that the optimal composition had a water contact angle of 73 °, which produced neutral damp properties and showed a high wet level, where the liquid can wet the surface well. This showed that the addition of benzoyl peroxide not only increased the strength of adhesion but also affected the surface nature of the rubber produced.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of selecting initiator and filler in making adhesive materials from rubber that can function in various industrial applications. By understanding the relationship between composition, manufacturing process, and final characteristics, we can develop adhesive materials that are more efficient and function according to specific needs in everyday applications. Further research may be needed to explore the influence of other variables and the potential application of this material in a wider industry.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The use of benzoyl peroxide as a cross-binding initiator can significantly improve the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.
The optimal composition of benzoyl peroxide is 2.5 PHR, which produces optimal adhesion strength and surface properties.
Further research is needed to explore the influence of other variables, such as temperature and pressure, on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.
The potential application of this material in a wider industry, such as in the production of adhesives for construction and automotive industries, should be explored.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

Investigating the effect of other initiators, such as peroxide and azo compounds, on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.
Exploring the influence of other variables, such as temperature and pressure, on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.
Developing new adhesive materials with improved properties, such as high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, using natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.

Limitations of the Study

The limitations of this study include:

The study was limited to the use of benzoyl peroxide as a cross-binding initiator, and other initiators were not explored.
The study was limited to the use of microbentonite fillers, and other fillers were not explored.
The study was limited to the use of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE), and other types of rubber were not explored.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of selecting initiator and filler in making adhesive materials from rubber that can function in various industrial applications. By understanding the relationship between composition, manufacturing process, and final characteristics, we can develop adhesive materials that are more efficient and function according to specific needs in everyday applications. Further research may be needed to explore the influence of other variables and the potential application of this material in a wider industry.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Influence of Benzoyl Peroxide as a Cross-Binding Initiator on the Adhesive Characteristics of Natural Rubber (SIR-10)/Natural Rubber (KAE) with Microbentonite Fillers

Q: What is benzoyl peroxide and how does it affect the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers?

A: Benzoyl peroxide is a cross-binding initiator that is commonly used in the production of adhesive materials. It works by breaking down the molecular structure of the rubber, allowing it to form a stronger bond with the filler. In this study, we found that the addition of benzoyl peroxide significantly improved the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.

Q: What is the optimal composition of benzoyl peroxide for natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers?

A: Our study found that the optimal composition of benzoyl peroxide is 2.5 PHR (parts per hundred rubber). This composition produced the highest adhesion strength and surface properties.

Q: How does the addition of benzoyl peroxide affect the surface properties of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers?

A: The addition of benzoyl peroxide not only increased the strength of adhesion but also affected the surface nature of the rubber produced. Our study found that the optimal composition of benzoyl peroxide produced a water contact angle of 73 °, which is indicative of a neutral damp property and a high wet level.

Q: What are the potential applications of this material in a wider industry?

A: The potential applications of this material in a wider industry include the production of adhesives for construction and automotive industries. The material's improved adhesive characteristics and surface properties make it an attractive option for a variety of industrial applications.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include the use of benzoyl peroxide as a cross-binding initiator, the use of microbentonite fillers, and the use of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE). Further research is needed to explore the influence of other variables and the potential application of this material in a wider industry.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Future research directions include investigating the effect of other initiators, such as peroxide and azo compounds, on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers. Additionally, exploring the influence of other variables, such as temperature and pressure, on the adhesive characteristics of natural rubber (SIR-10) and natural rubber (KAE) with microbentonite fillers.

Q: What are the potential benefits of using this material in industrial applications?

A: The potential benefits of using this material in industrial applications include improved adhesive characteristics, surface properties, and durability. The material's improved properties make it an attractive option for a variety of industrial applications.

Q: How can this material be used in real-world applications?

A: This material can be used in a variety of real-world applications, including the production of adhesives for construction and automotive industries. The material's improved adhesive characteristics and surface properties make it an attractive option for a variety of industrial applications.

Q: What are the potential challenges of using this material in industrial applications?

A: The potential challenges of using this material in industrial applications include the need for further research to explore the influence of other variables and the potential application of this material in a wider industry. Additionally, the material's production process may require modifications to accommodate industrial-scale production.

Q: How can this material be scaled up for industrial production?

A: The material can be scaled up for industrial production by modifying the production process to accommodate larger quantities of material. This may involve the use of larger mixing vessels, more advanced equipment, and a more efficient production process.

Q: What are the potential economic benefits of using this material in industrial applications?

A: The potential economic benefits of using this material in industrial applications include cost savings, improved efficiency, and increased productivity. The material's improved adhesive characteristics and surface properties make it an attractive option for a variety of industrial applications.