Difficulty in regulating diet and exercise

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 68 views

The Level of Knowledge and Compliance with Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Outpatient at the Hospital of the University of North Sumatra

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that affects the way the body regulates blood sugar. This condition can cause various serious complications if not managed properly. One important factor in the management of DM is the patient's compliance with treatment. Adequate knowledge of DM and its treatment can increase patient compliance. This study aims to examine the level of knowledge and compliance of patients with type 2 DM at the University of North Sumatra Hospital, as well as the influence of patient characteristics on the level of knowledge and compliance, and the relationship between the level of knowledge and compliance.

Methodology

This study was conducted by a descriptive cross-sectional method, involving 121 DM patients type 2 outpatient at the University of North Sumatra University in March-May 2023. Data was collected using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) questionnaire to measure the knowledge and medication of adherence ratings Scale (Mars-5) to measure compliance. Data analysis uses univariate and bivariate tests with SPSS version 22.

Demographic Characteristics of Respondents

The results showed that most of the respondents were 56-65 years old (38.8%), male sex (50.4%), had higher education (87.6%), not working (52.9%), had a disease duration of more than 5 years (61.2%), have a accompanying disease (70.2%), and use insulin therapy (57.9%). These demographic characteristics may influence the level of knowledge and compliance of patients with type 2 DM.

Level of Knowledge and Compliance

The level of knowledge is categorized as high at 73.6% of respondents, while the level of compliance is categorized as not compliant at 84.3% of respondents. This indicates that although the level of knowledge of Type 2 DM patients at the University of North Sumatra Hospital is relatively high, the level of compliance with treatment is still low.

Factors Affecting Low Compliance

Some factors that might affect the low compliance of patients include:

Lack of understanding of long-term complications DM: Patients may not fully understand the risks and consequences of not managing their DM, leading to low compliance.
Difficulty in regulating diet and exercise: Patients may find it challenging to make lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, to manage their DM.
Side effects of drugs: Patients may experience side effects from their medication, leading to low compliance.
Lack of support from the family and the surrounding environment: Patients may not receive adequate support from their family and community, leading to low compliance.
High treatment costs: Patients may not be able to afford the cost of treatment, leading to low compliance.

Importance of Increasing Patient Compliance

Patient compliance with treatment is very important to achieve optimal blood sugar control and prevent long-term DM complications. Increasing patient compliance can be done in various ways, such as:

Increased patient education about DM and treatment: Patients need to be educated about their condition and treatment options to increase compliance.
Regular blood sugar monitoring: Patients need to regularly monitor their blood sugar levels to ensure optimal control.
Provision of motivation and support from health workers: Patients need to receive motivation and support from health workers to increase compliance.
Provision of behavior therapy to help patients in regulating diet and exercise: Patients need to receive behavior therapy to help them regulate their diet and exercise.

Conclusion

The level of knowledge of patients with type 2 DM in the University of North Sumatra Hospital is classified as high, but the level of compliance with treatment is still low. Accompanying diseases and types of diabetes drugs affect the level of knowledge and compliance. There is a positive correlation between the level of knowledge and compliance, although not significant. Increased patient education, regular blood sugar monitoring, and support from health workers is an important step to increase patient compliance with DM treatment.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Increase patient education: Patients need to be educated about their condition and treatment options to increase compliance.
Regular blood sugar monitoring: Patients need to regularly monitor their blood sugar levels to ensure optimal control.
Provision of motivation and support from health workers: Patients need to receive motivation and support from health workers to increase compliance.
Provision of behavior therapy to help patients in regulating diet and exercise: Patients need to receive behavior therapy to help them regulate their diet and exercise.
Further research: Further research is needed to understand the factors that influence the compliance of patients with type 2 DM in North Sumatra.

Limitations of the Study

This study has limitations in terms of sample size and focus on one hospital. Further research with a larger sample size and involving various hospitals is needed to further understand the factors that influence the compliance of patients with type 2 DM in North Sumatra.

Future Directions

Future research should focus on understanding the factors that influence the compliance of patients with type 2 DM in North Sumatra. This can be done by conducting a larger study with a more diverse sample size and involving various hospitals. Additionally, research should focus on developing effective interventions to increase patient compliance with DM treatment.
Q&A: The Level of Knowledge and Compliance with Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Outpatient at the Hospital of the University of North Sumatra

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the main objective of this study?

A: The main objective of this study is to examine the level of knowledge and compliance of patients with type 2 DM at the University of North Sumatra Hospital, as well as the influence of patient characteristics on the level of knowledge and compliance, and the relationship between the level of knowledge and compliance.

Q: What is the sample size of this study?

A: The sample size of this study is 121 DM patients type 2 outpatient at the University of North Sumatra University in March-May 2023.

Q: What are the demographic characteristics of the respondents?

A: The demographic characteristics of the respondents include age, sex, education level, occupation, disease duration, accompanying disease, and type of diabetes medication.

Q: What is the level of knowledge and compliance of the patients with type 2 DM?

A: The level of knowledge is categorized as high at 73.6% of respondents, while the level of compliance is categorized as not compliant at 84.3% of respondents.

Q: What are the factors that affect the low compliance of patients with type 2 DM?

A: Some factors that might affect the low compliance of patients include lack of understanding of long-term complications DM, difficulty in regulating diet and exercise, side effects of drugs, lack of support from the family and the surrounding environment, and high treatment costs.

Q: What are the importance of increasing patient compliance?

A: Patient compliance with treatment is very important to achieve optimal blood sugar control and prevent long-term DM complications. Increasing patient compliance can be done in various ways, such as increased patient education about DM and treatment, regular blood sugar monitoring, provision of motivation and support from health workers, and provision of behavior therapy to help patients in regulating diet and exercise.

Q: What are the recommendations for increasing patient compliance?

A: Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Increase patient education
Regular blood sugar monitoring
Provision of motivation and support from health workers
Provision of behavior therapy to help patients in regulating diet and exercise
Further research to understand the factors that influence the compliance of patients with type 2 DM in North Sumatra

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has limitations in terms of sample size and focus on one hospital. Further research with a larger sample size and involving various hospitals is needed to further understand the factors that influence the compliance of patients with type 2 DM in North Sumatra.

Q: What are the future directions for this study?

A: Future research should focus on understanding the factors that influence the compliance of patients with type 2 DM in North Sumatra. This can be done by conducting a larger study with a more diverse sample size and involving various hospitals. Additionally, research should focus on developing effective interventions to increase patient compliance with DM treatment.

Q: What are the implications of this study for healthcare providers?

A: The findings of this study highlight the importance of increasing patient education, regular blood sugar monitoring, and provision of motivation and support from health workers to increase patient compliance with DM treatment. Healthcare providers should prioritize these interventions to improve patient outcomes and prevent long-term complications of DM.

Q: What are the implications of this study for patients with type 2 DM?

A: The findings of this study emphasize the importance of patient compliance with DM treatment. Patients with type 2 DM should be aware of the risks and consequences of not managing their condition and take an active role in their treatment. Patients should also seek support from healthcare providers and family members to increase their compliance with treatment.