Differences in the Level of Immature Platelet Fraction in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Diabetic Nephropathy

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 47 views

Differences in the Level of Immature Platelet Fraction in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Diabetic Nephropathy

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a major health concern worldwide, ranking third as a cause of death. One of the serious complications associated with diabetes is diabetic nephropathy, which can lead to kidney failure. The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy continues to increase, making it a global concern for health professionals. Recent research has shown that immature platelet fraction (IPF) can be related to poor blood sugar control and cardiovascular complications in diabetics. Therefore, this study aims to identify differences in IPF levels in patients with T2DM with and without diabetic nephropathy.

The Importance of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The early detection and prevention of diabetic nephropathy are crucial to improve the quality of life of patients with T2DM. Recent studies have shown that IPF levels can be a useful marker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the differences in IPF levels in patients with T2DM with and without diabetic nephropathy.

Research Methodology

This study uses a cross-sectional design involving blood sampling of 47 patients with T2DM. Of these, 28 patients were diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy, while 19 other patients did not experience nephropathy. All blood samples were taken from the vein to measure IPF levels in each patient. This measurement provides an overview of the possibility of the relationship between IPF levels and the presence of nephropathy in people with T2DM.

Research Results

The results showed that the average IPF level for all patients was 3.82 ± 1.49. Interestingly, there is a significant difference between IPF levels in patients with T2DM with diabetic nephropathy and without nephropathy, with the value of p <0.001. IPF cutoff levels for patients with T2DM with diabetic nephropathy are 3.25, which shows sensitivity of 86.2% and specificity of 83.3%. This shows that IPF levels can be a fairly good indicator in predicting the risk of nephropathy in diabetes patients.

Additional Analysis and Explanation

Higher levels of IPF in patients with diabetic nephropathy can show the body's reaction to vascular damage caused by diabetes. Platelet immature functions in the healing and clotting process of blood, and this increase in levels may reflect the body's efforts to repair damage that occurs. In addition, the relationship between IPF levels and cardiovascular complications also shows that cardiovascular health of diabetics needs to be considered thoroughly.

Implications of the Study

The results of this study provide important new insights for medical and patient practitioners. By knowing IPF levels, doctors can be more aware of the possibility of diabetic nephropathy and take appropriate prevention steps. Patients with T2DM can also be more active in monitoring their health, so as to reduce the risk of further complications.

Conclusion

The conclusion of this study shows that IPF levels can be used as a parameter to predict the incidence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with T2DM. A better understanding of the relationship between IPF levels and diabetes complications can contribute to the development of more effective treatment strategies and improve the quality of life patient.

Recommendations for Future Research

Future studies should investigate the relationship between IPF levels and other diabetes complications, such as cardiovascular disease and retinopathy. Additionally, studies should explore the use of IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with T2DM.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size is relatively small, and therefore, the results may not be generalizable to the larger population. Secondly, the study only measured IPF levels and did not investigate other potential biomarkers for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to investigate the relationship between IPF levels and other diabetes complications. Additionally, studies should explore the use of IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with T2DM. This can contribute to the development of more effective treatment strategies and improve the quality of life patient.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study shows that IPF levels can be used as a parameter to predict the incidence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with T2DM. A better understanding of the relationship between IPF levels and diabetes complications can contribute to the development of more effective treatment strategies and improve the quality of life patient.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF) and Diabetic Nephropathy

Q: What is Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF)?

A: IPF is a measure of the percentage of immature platelets in the blood. Platelets are small cells that help the blood to clot and prevent bleeding. Immature platelets are platelets that are not yet fully developed and are not yet able to function properly.

Q: How is IPF related to diabetic nephropathy?

A: Research has shown that IPF levels can be related to poor blood sugar control and cardiovascular complications in diabetics. High levels of IPF have been found in patients with diabetic nephropathy, which suggests that IPF may be a useful marker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy.

Q: What are the implications of this study for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A: The results of this study suggest that IPF levels can be used as a parameter to predict the incidence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This means that patients with high IPF levels may be at a higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy and may benefit from closer monitoring and more aggressive treatment.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including a relatively small sample size and the fact that it only measured IPF levels and did not investigate other potential biomarkers for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy.

Q: What are the future directions for research on IPF and diabetic nephropathy?

A: Future studies should aim to investigate the relationship between IPF levels and other diabetes complications, such as cardiovascular disease and retinopathy. Additionally, studies should explore the use of IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Q: How can patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus reduce their risk of developing diabetic nephropathy?

A: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can reduce their risk of developing diabetic nephropathy by maintaining good blood sugar control, monitoring their blood pressure and kidney function, and following a healthy lifestyle.

Q: What are the potential benefits of using IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy?

A: The potential benefits of using IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy include earlier detection and treatment of diabetic nephropathy, improved patient outcomes, and reduced healthcare costs.

Q: How can healthcare providers use IPF levels to predict the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A: Healthcare providers can use IPF levels to predict the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by measuring IPF levels and using them as a parameter to predict the incidence of diabetic nephropathy.

Q: What are the potential risks and complications of using IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy?

A: The potential risks and complications of using IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy include false positives and false negatives, which can lead to unnecessary treatment or delayed treatment.

Q: How can patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and high IPF levels reduce their risk of developing diabetic nephropathy?

A: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and high IPF levels can reduce their risk of developing diabetic nephropathy by maintaining good blood sugar control, monitoring their blood pressure and kidney function, and following a healthy lifestyle.

Q: What are the potential benefits of using IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A: The potential benefits of using IPF levels as a biomarker for predicting the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus include earlier detection and treatment of diabetic nephropathy, improved patient outcomes, and reduced healthcare costs.