Differences in Pharyngeal Airways Dimensions in Class I and II Skeletal Malocclusion Based on Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Levels

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 6 views

Differences in Pharyngeal Airways Dimensions in Class I and II Skeletal Malocclusion Based on Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Levels

Introduction

The examination of pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal malocclusion is a crucial aspect in determining the diagnosis of orthodontic and planning the right treatment. A study was conducted to determine the average and difference in the dimensions of pharyngeal airways in men and women with skeletal class I and II malocclusion, which was reviewed based on the level of cervical vertebrae in the pre-prapubertas, puberty, and post-puberty periods. This study is an analytical descriptive study with a latitude cut design involving 96 lateral cefalograms of patients aged 8-19 years who experienced Skeletal Class I and II malocclusion.

Background

Skeletal malocclusion type is measured using the ANB angle, while the dimensions of the pharyngeal airways are measured by the application of images. The examination of pharyngeal airway dimensions is essential in determining the diagnosis of orthodontic and planning the right treatment. A study was conducted to determine the average and difference in the dimensions of pharyngeal airways in men and women with skeletal class I and II malocclusion, which was reviewed based on the level of cervical vertebrae in the pre-prapubertas, puberty, and post-puberty periods.

Methodology

This study is an analytical descriptive study with a latitude cut design involving 96 lateral cefalograms of patients aged 8-19 years who experienced Skeletal Class I and II malocclusion. Skeletal malocclusion type is measured using the ANB angle, while the dimensions of the pharyngeal airways are measured by the application of images. The results of the independent t-test showed a significant difference in the dimensions of the pharyngeal airways between class I and II skeletal malocclusion in the pre-prapubertas period. Significant differences are also found between men and women in the pre-prapuubertas and post-election periods.

Results

The results of the ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the dimensions of the pharyngeal airways between the pre-prapubertas, puberty, and post-puberty periods in class I and II skeletal malocclusion. The growth of pharyngeal airways dimensions is influenced by cervical vertebrae maturation, where the skeletal classes I and II have different growth patterns.

Analysis and Explanation

Seeing the importance of pharyngeal airways in respiratory health and orthodontic development, the results of this study are very relevant for dental and oral health practitioners. The optimal airway dimension is needed to ensure that patients not only have good teeth appearance, but also adequate health system health.

In the pre-prapubertas period, the child's physical growth is very rapid and this includes the development of bones and soft tissue around the jaw and throat. The difference between class I and II malocclusion in the airway dimension shows how the growth of the jaw and the position of the tooth can affect the volume of the airway. Class II malocclusion, for example, is often associated with a more backward jaw position, which can contribute to a narrower airways.

On the other hand, the results that show the difference between the sex indicate that men and women may have different growth patterns in the dimensions of pharynx. This can be associated with hormonal differences and physical development that occurs in each sex during growth.

Implications for Orthodontic Treatment

In the context of orthodontic treatment, information about the dimensions of airways can provide important guidelines for dentists in planning and adjusting treatment to maximize results. This is very crucial for patients with more complex malocclusion or for those who show signs of difficulty breathing.

Conclusion

Overall, this research underlines the importance of a deep understanding of the relationship between skeletal malocclusion, airway dimension, and the development of cervical vertebrae. With the right data, the clinician can be better in designing orthodontic interventions that not only improve dental aesthetics but also support the general health of the patient.

Future Directions

Future studies should focus on investigating the relationship between pharyngeal airway dimensions and other factors such as craniofacial morphology, dental development, and respiratory function. Additionally, further research is needed to explore the potential applications of this study in the development of personalized orthodontic treatment plans.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of lateral cefalograms as the primary data source. Future studies should aim to recruit larger sample sizes and use more comprehensive data sources to increase the validity and generalizability of the findings.

References

[1] Kaplan, M. A. (2017). The relationship between pharyngeal airway dimensions and skeletal malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics, 44(2), 147-155.
[2] Kim, J. H., & Lee, S. J. (2019). The effect of cervical vertebrae maturation on pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal class I and II malocclusion. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 30(3), 531-536.
[3] Lee, S. J., & Kim, J. H. (2020). The relationship between pharyngeal airway dimensions and respiratory function in skeletal class I and II malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics, 47(2), 147-155.

Note: The references provided are fictional and for demonstration purposes only.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Pharyngeal Airways Dimensions in Skeletal Malocclusion

Q: What is the significance of pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal malocclusion?

A: Pharyngeal airway dimensions are crucial in determining the diagnosis of orthodontic and planning the right treatment. A study was conducted to determine the average and difference in the dimensions of pharyngeal airways in men and women with skeletal class I and II malocclusion, which was reviewed based on the level of cervical vertebrae in the pre-prapubertas, puberty, and post-puberty periods.

Q: What is the relationship between pharyngeal airway dimensions and skeletal malocclusion?

A: The growth of pharyngeal airways dimensions is influenced by cervical vertebrae maturation, where the skeletal classes I and II have different growth patterns. Class II malocclusion, for example, is often associated with a more backward jaw position, which can contribute to a narrower airways.

Q: How do pharyngeal airway dimensions differ between men and women?

A: The results of the study show that men and women may have different growth patterns in the dimensions of pharynx. This can be associated with hormonal differences and physical development that occurs in each sex during growth.

Q: What are the implications of pharyngeal airway dimensions for orthodontic treatment?

A: Information about the dimensions of airways can provide important guidelines for dentists in planning and adjusting treatment to maximize results. This is very crucial for patients with more complex malocclusion or for those who show signs of difficulty breathing.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of lateral cefalograms as the primary data source. Future studies should aim to recruit larger sample sizes and use more comprehensive data sources to increase the validity and generalizability of the findings.

Q: What are the future directions for research on pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal malocclusion?

A: Future studies should focus on investigating the relationship between pharyngeal airway dimensions and other factors such as craniofacial morphology, dental development, and respiratory function. Additionally, further research is needed to explore the potential applications of this study in the development of personalized orthodontic treatment plans.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study in clinical practice?

A: The results of this study can be used to inform the development of personalized orthodontic treatment plans that take into account the individual's pharyngeal airway dimensions and skeletal malocclusion. This can help to improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.

Q: What are the potential risks associated with pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal malocclusion?

A: Narrow pharyngeal airways can increase the risk of respiratory complications, such as sleep apnea and respiratory failure. Therefore, it is essential to monitor pharyngeal airway dimensions in patients with skeletal malocclusion and to adjust treatment plans accordingly.

Q: How can patients with skeletal malocclusion and narrow pharyngeal airways be managed?

A: Patients with skeletal malocclusion and narrow pharyngeal airways should be managed by an orthodontist or a maxillofacial surgeon who has experience in treating patients with complex malocclusion. Treatment may involve a combination of orthodontic and surgical interventions to improve the alignment of the teeth and the shape of the jaw.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study for patients with skeletal malocclusion?

A: The results of this study can help to improve treatment outcomes for patients with skeletal malocclusion by providing a better understanding of the relationship between pharyngeal airway dimensions and skeletal malocclusion. This can help to reduce the risk of complications and improve the quality of life for patients with skeletal malocclusion.