Differences in Farming Management

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 100 views

Analysis of Comparison of Rice Farming Irrigation System with Rice Field Rain System (Case Study: Bakaran Batu Village and Paluh Kemiri Village, Lubuk Pakam District, Deli Serdang Regency)

Introduction

Rice farming is a crucial sector in the agricultural industry, providing a significant source of income for millions of farmers worldwide. In Indonesia, rice is the main staple food and a vital crop for the country's economy. However, rice farming faces numerous challenges, including water scarcity, soil degradation, and climate change. To address these issues, farmers have adopted different irrigation systems, such as the irrigation system and the rain-fed system. This study aims to compare the management of paddy rice farming that uses these two different systems, namely irrigation systems and rain-fed systems, in Bakaran Batu Village and Paluh Kemiri Village, Lubuk Pakam District, Deli Serdang Regency.

Research Methodology

The research methodology used in this study is a combination of purposive sampling and proportionated stratified random sampling. The study area was determined through purposive sampling, while the sampling of farmers was conducted using proportionated stratified random sampling. The population of rice farmers in Paluh Kemiri Village, who use the irrigation system, was 256 households, while the population of rice farmers in Bakaran Batu Village, who use the rain-fed system, was 247 households. From each of these locations, 15 samples were taken, resulting in a total sample of 30 families. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive methods and t-test analysis to obtain accurate results.

Research Results

The results of this study showed several important findings:

Differences in Farming Management

There are significant differences in the stages of management between farmers who use the irrigation system and rain-fed systems. The irrigation system allows better water control, while the rain-fed system depends on rainfall, making it more vulnerable to weather fluctuations. This difference in management style has a significant impact on the productivity and profitability of rice farming.

Production Costs

The cost of production of rice farming using the irrigation system is higher than the rain-fed system. This is due to the need to build and maintain irrigation infrastructure, which requires significant initial investment. However, the irrigation system provides better water control, resulting in higher yields and increased revenue for farmers.

Production and Productivity

The production and productivity of paddy rice managed with an irrigation system are much higher than the rain-fed system. This shows that good irrigation arrangements can significantly increase yields and improve the overall productivity of rice farming.

Benefits Derived from Harvests

The benefits derived from harvests have a more positive impact on the economy of farmers. The irrigation system provides better water control, resulting in higher yields and increased revenue for farmers.

Efforts to Solve Problems

Efforts made by farmers in overcoming problems also vary. Irrigation system farmers are more likely to use pest poisons to control pest populations, while rain-fed system farmers use technology such as bore wells to get better water supply and also apply pest control with poison.

Conclusion

From this study, it is clear that the irrigation system provides greater benefits compared to the rain-fed system in terms of costs, production, productivity, revenue, and income. However, each system also has challenges and problems that must be faced by farmers. This study provides important insights for agricultural policies and agricultural practices in the study area, and can be a reference for farmers in choosing farming systems that are in accordance with environmental conditions and existing resources.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Agricultural policies should prioritize the development of irrigation systems to improve the productivity and profitability of rice farming.
Farmers should be provided with training and education on the use of irrigation systems and the management of water resources.
The government should invest in the development of infrastructure, such as irrigation canals and water storage facilities, to support the growth of rice farming.
Farmers should be encouraged to adopt sustainable agricultural practices, such as crop rotation and organic farming, to improve the overall productivity and profitability of rice farming.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted in a specific region, and the findings may not be generalizable to other regions.
The study only compared two irrigation systems, and the findings may not be applicable to other irrigation systems.
The study did not consider the impact of climate change on rice farming, which is a critical factor in the productivity and profitability of rice farming.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on the following areas:

The impact of climate change on rice farming and the development of strategies to mitigate its effects.
The development of sustainable agricultural practices, such as crop rotation and organic farming, to improve the overall productivity and profitability of rice farming.
The evaluation of the effectiveness of agricultural policies and programs in supporting the growth of rice farming.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides important insights into the management of paddy rice farming using irrigation systems and rain-fed systems. The findings of this study highlight the benefits and challenges of each system and provide recommendations for agricultural policies and agricultural practices. Future research should focus on the development of sustainable agricultural practices and the evaluation of the effectiveness of agricultural policies and programs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Rice Farming Irrigation System vs Rain-Fed System

Q: What is the main difference between irrigation system and rain-fed system in rice farming?

A: The main difference between irrigation system and rain-fed system in rice farming is the source of water used for irrigation. Irrigation system uses a controlled water supply, while rain-fed system relies on rainfall.

Q: Which system is more productive and profitable?

A: The irrigation system is more productive and profitable than the rain-fed system. This is because irrigation system provides better water control, resulting in higher yields and increased revenue for farmers.

Q: What are the challenges faced by farmers using the rain-fed system?

A: Farmers using the rain-fed system face several challenges, including:

Dependence on rainfall: Rain-fed system relies on rainfall, which can be unpredictable and may not provide enough water for irrigation.
Vulnerability to weather fluctuations: Rain-fed system is more vulnerable to weather fluctuations, such as droughts and floods.
Lower yields: Rain-fed system typically produces lower yields compared to irrigation system.

Q: What are the benefits of using the irrigation system?

A: The benefits of using the irrigation system include:

Better water control: Irrigation system provides better water control, resulting in higher yields and increased revenue for farmers.
Increased productivity: Irrigation system is more productive and profitable than the rain-fed system.
Reduced dependence on rainfall: Irrigation system reduces dependence on rainfall, making it a more reliable option for farmers.

Q: How can farmers overcome the challenges faced by the rain-fed system?

A: Farmers can overcome the challenges faced by the rain-fed system by:

Using technology: Farmers can use technology, such as bore wells and irrigation pumps, to improve water supply and reduce dependence on rainfall.
Implementing sustainable agricultural practices: Farmers can implement sustainable agricultural practices, such as crop rotation and organic farming, to improve soil health and reduce the risk of crop failure.
Seeking government support: Farmers can seek government support, such as subsidies and training programs, to improve their access to irrigation systems and reduce the risk of crop failure.

Q: What is the role of government in supporting rice farming?

A: The government plays a crucial role in supporting rice farming by:

Providing subsidies: The government can provide subsidies to farmers to improve their access to irrigation systems and reduce the risk of crop failure.
Offering training programs: The government can offer training programs to farmers to improve their knowledge and skills in irrigation management and sustainable agricultural practices.
Developing infrastructure: The government can develop infrastructure, such as irrigation canals and water storage facilities, to support the growth of rice farming.

Q: What is the future of rice farming in Indonesia?

A: The future of rice farming in Indonesia is promising, with the government and private sector investing heavily in irrigation systems and sustainable agricultural practices. However, the industry still faces several challenges, including climate change and soil degradation. To overcome these challenges, farmers and policymakers must work together to develop and implement effective strategies for sustainable rice farming.

Q: How can consumers support sustainable rice farming?

A: Consumers can support sustainable rice farming by:

Buying sustainably sourced rice: Consumers can buy rice that is certified as sustainably sourced, such as rice that is grown using organic farming practices.
Supporting local farmers: Consumers can support local farmers by buying rice directly from them or through local markets.
Reducing food waste: Consumers can reduce food waste by planning meals and using up all the rice they buy.

Q: What is the impact of climate change on rice farming?

A: Climate change has a significant impact on rice farming, including:

Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns: Climate change is altering temperature and precipitation patterns, which can affect the growth and yield of rice crops.
Increased frequency of extreme weather events: Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, which can damage rice crops and reduce yields.
Soil degradation: Climate change can lead to soil degradation, which can reduce the fertility and productivity of rice soils.

Q: How can farmers adapt to climate change?

A: Farmers can adapt to climate change by:

Using climate-resilient crop varieties: Farmers can use crop varieties that are resistant to drought and other climate-related stresses.
Implementing conservation agriculture: Farmers can implement conservation agriculture practices, such as no-till farming and cover cropping, to reduce soil erosion and improve soil health.
Using precision agriculture: Farmers can use precision agriculture techniques, such as satellite imaging and drones, to monitor and manage their crops more effectively.