Development of anemia prevention and control programs

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 79 views

Relationship between Menstrual Patterns with Anemia in Young Women in the Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Islamic Boarding School in 2022

Introduction

Anemia is a serious global health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of anemia worldwide in 2019 reached 29.9%. In Indonesia, the Ministry of Health reports that the prevalence of anemia in adolescents aged 15-24 years in 2018 is 32%. Teenagers, especially young women, are included in groups who are at high risk of experiencing anemia. This is caused by increased iron requirements, inappropriate diet, and menstruation that causes iron loss of about 1-2 mg every month.

Young women in Islamic boarding schools, such as the Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Islamic Boarding School in Medan, are particularly vulnerable to anemia due to their lifestyle and dietary habits. This study aims to analyze the relationship between menstrual patterns and anemia in young women in the Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Islamic Boarding School, Medan, during 2022.

Methodology

This study was conducted at the Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Islamic Boarding School, Medan, from December 2021 to July 2022, using the design cross-sectional. Samples were taken as many as 108 people. Data regarding anemia is obtained by the Easy Touch method, while the Body Mass Index (IMT) data is measured by scales and microtoise. Information about menstrual patterns, stress levels, and diet is collected through a questionnaire.

Results

The results of the analysis showed that the proportion of anemia among young women reached 39.8%. This finding shows a significant relationship between the body's mass index (p = 0.009) and the diet (p = 0.016) with the menstrual pattern. In addition, there is a significant relationship between menstrual patterns based on the menstrual cycle (p = 0.010) and menstrual duration (p = 0.002) with the incidence of anemia in young women. This shows that menstrual patterns and physical conditions, represented by IMT and diet, have an influence on the risk of anemia.

Discussion

The importance of this research lies in the need to develop anemia prevention and control programs in the pesantren environment. With a program aimed at increasing awareness of the importance of healthy diet and good menstrual management, it is expected to reduce the prevalence of anemia among young women. Counseling on balanced nutrition, understanding of the menstrual cycle, and routine health checks need to be held. In addition, support from the pesantren to create an environment that supports adolescent health is also very necessary.

Conclusion

Through proper preventive and educational steps, it is hoped that the incidence of anemia in young women can be minimized, so that they can undergo daily activities more optimally and healthy. This study provides an important picture of the relationship of menstrual patterns with anemia, as well as opening the way for further research to strengthen data and handling of these health problems in the future.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Development of anemia prevention and control programs: The pesantren should develop programs aimed at increasing awareness of the importance of healthy diet and good menstrual management.
Counseling on balanced nutrition: Counseling on balanced nutrition should be held regularly to ensure that young women have access to nutritious food.
Understanding of the menstrual cycle: Understanding of the menstrual cycle should be taught to young women to help them manage their menstrual patterns effectively.
Routine health checks: Routine health checks should be conducted regularly to detect anemia early and prevent its complications.
Support from the pesantren: Support from the pesantren is necessary to create an environment that supports adolescent health.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Cross-sectional design: The cross-sectional design of this study may not allow for the establishment of causality between menstrual patterns and anemia.
Limited data collection: The data collection in this study was limited to a single point in time, which may not capture the dynamic nature of menstrual patterns and anemia.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

Strengthen the sample size: Future studies should aim to increase the sample size to improve the generalizability of the findings.
Use a longitudinal design: Future studies should use a longitudinal design to establish causality between menstrual patterns and anemia.
Collect more comprehensive data: Future studies should collect more comprehensive data on menstrual patterns, anemia, and other related factors to provide a more complete understanding of the relationship between menstrual patterns and anemia.

References

World Health Organization. (2019). Anemia.
Ministry of Health. (2018). Prevalence of anemia in adolescents aged 15-24 years in Indonesia.
[Insert other relevant references]
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Relationship between Menstrual Patterns and Anemia in Young Women

Q: What is anemia and how common is it among young women?

A: Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the body, which can lead to fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of anemia worldwide in 2019 reached 29.9%. In Indonesia, the Ministry of Health reports that the prevalence of anemia in adolescents aged 15-24 years in 2018 is 32%.

Q: What are the risk factors for anemia in young women?

A: The risk factors for anemia in young women include:

Increased iron requirements during menstruation
Inappropriate diet
Menstruation that causes iron loss of about 1-2 mg every month
Poor nutrition
Inadequate access to healthcare services

Q: What is the relationship between menstrual patterns and anemia in young women?

A: The study found a significant relationship between menstrual patterns and anemia in young women. The results showed that the proportion of anemia among young women reached 39.8%. This finding shows a significant relationship between the body's mass index (p = 0.009) and the diet (p = 0.016) with the menstrual pattern. In addition, there is a significant relationship between menstrual patterns based on the menstrual cycle (p = 0.010) and menstrual duration (p = 0.002) with the incidence of anemia in young women.

Q: What are the implications of this study for anemia prevention and control programs in pesantren environments?

A: The study highlights the need for anemia prevention and control programs in pesantren environments. With a program aimed at increasing awareness of the importance of healthy diet and good menstrual management, it is expected to reduce the prevalence of anemia among young women. Counseling on balanced nutrition, understanding of the menstrual cycle, and routine health checks need to be held. In addition, support from the pesantren to create an environment that supports adolescent health is also very necessary.

Q: What are the recommendations for anemia prevention and control programs in pesantren environments?

A: Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Development of anemia prevention and control programs: The pesantren should develop programs aimed at increasing awareness of the importance of healthy diet and good menstrual management.
Counseling on balanced nutrition: Counseling on balanced nutrition should be held regularly to ensure that young women have access to nutritious food.
Understanding of the menstrual cycle: Understanding of the menstrual cycle should be taught to young women to help them manage their menstrual patterns effectively.
Routine health checks: Routine health checks should be conducted regularly to detect anemia early and prevent its complications.
Support from the pesantren: Support from the pesantren is necessary to create an environment that supports adolescent health.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Cross-sectional design: The cross-sectional design of this study may not allow for the establishment of causality between menstrual patterns and anemia.
Limited data collection: The data collection in this study was limited to a single point in time, which may not capture the dynamic nature of menstrual patterns and anemia.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Future research should aim to:

Strengthen the sample size: Future studies should aim to increase the sample size to improve the generalizability of the findings.
Use a longitudinal design: Future studies should use a longitudinal design to establish causality between menstrual patterns and anemia.
Collect more comprehensive data: Future studies should collect more comprehensive data on menstrual patterns, anemia, and other related factors to provide a more complete understanding of the relationship between menstrual patterns and anemia.

Q: What are the implications of this study for public health policy and practice?

A: This study highlights the need for public health policy and practice to address the issue of anemia among young women in pesantren environments. The study's findings suggest that anemia prevention and control programs should be developed and implemented in pesantren environments to reduce the prevalence of anemia among young women.