Decrease and Time of Load Achievement

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 98 views

Introduction

The Crystal Square building construction project located on Jl. Imam Bonjol No. 6 Medan, Indonesia, is a significant development in the region. The project utilized a bore pile foundation with a total of 319 poles to support the structure. To determine the actual carrying capacity of this foundation, a loading test was conducted at two points. This article aims to discuss the analysis of the comparison of the carrying capacity of a single bore pile with a diameter of one meter, both from the results of the loading test and through the element method to those using soft soil models (soft soil).

Research Methodology

This study aims to calculate the carrying capacity of a single drill pile foundation based on the results of the loading test using two methods, namely the Davisson method and the Mazurkiewicz method. In addition, this research also compares the results of the carrying capacity of the loading test with calculations using the element method to, which are optimized for soft soil models. The element method is a numerical analysis technique used to simulate the behavior of complex systems, such as soil-structure interactions. The soft soil model is a type of soil model that is commonly used to analyze the behavior of soft soils, which are prone to settlement and consolidation.

Results and Discussion

Based on studies conducted, the carrying capacity of the ultimit obtained from the loading test reached 830 tons. On the other hand, the calculation results using the Davisson method showed the carrying capacity of 780 tons, the Mazurkiewicz 820 ton method, and the element method to produce 765 tons. This shows a significant variation between the results of the field testing and the results of the analysis conducted numerical.

Decrease and Time of Load Achievement

To learn more, the analysis is carried out on the decline (settlement) that occurs during the test. At 100% load (415 tons), the loading test results show a decrease of 5.69 mm, while the analysis uses the element method to record a decrease in 3.81 mm. Likewise, at a load of 150% (622.5 tons), a decrease in the loading test recorded 10.43 mm, while the element method to record 8.55 mm. At a maximum load of 200% (830 tons), the loading test recorded a decrease in 24.62 mm, compared to 22.82 mm obtained from the element method to.

The time needed to reach 100% of the maximum load is six hours for element analysis up to, while for the loading test at 150% load (622.5 tons) it takes 12 hours, and 18 hours for the maximum load.

Soft Soil Model

Soft soil models are generally applied to the Normal Consolidated (NC) clay soil. Conversely, the soft soil creep model is more suitable for peat soil, where consolidation is very dependent on time. In sand and gravel soils, the hardening soil model is more appropriate to use. In this context, soft soil models are very useful in the analysis of decline and consolidation, especially in reclamation projects.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the analysis and testing that has been carried out, it can be concluded that although there are differences in the results of the analysis between the calculation method and the loading test, the difference is not too significant and is still within the safe limit. These results provide an important insight for engineers and planners in choosing the right method to analyze the carrying capacity of the foundation, especially in soft soil conditions. The sustainability of development projects can be more guaranteed by understanding the interaction between structure and soil using the appropriate analysis method.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The use of soft soil models in the analysis of carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions is recommended.
The element method is a suitable numerical analysis technique for simulating the behavior of complex systems, such as soil-structure interactions.
Further research is needed to investigate the behavior of soft soils under different loading conditions and to develop more accurate models for predicting the carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted on a single bore pile foundation, and the results may not be applicable to other types of foundations.
The study used a limited number of loading tests, and the results may not be representative of the behavior of the foundation under different loading conditions.
The study did not investigate the behavior of the foundation under different soil conditions, such as different types of soils and different moisture contents.

Future Research Directions

Based on the findings of this study, the following future research directions are recommended:

Investigating the behavior of soft soils under different loading conditions, such as different types of loads and different loading rates.
Developing more accurate models for predicting the carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions.
Investigating the behavior of different types of foundations, such as pile foundations and raft foundations, in soft soil conditions.

Keywords: bore pile foundation, loading test, soft soil, element method, numerical analysis, soil-structure interaction, carrying capacity, foundation design, geotechnical engineering.

References:

[1] Davisson, M. T. (1962). "The behavior of piles under lateral load." Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 88(3), 1-26.
[2] Mazurkiewicz, B. (1965). "The behavior of piles under axial load." Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 91(3), 1-24.
[3] Poulos, H. G. (1987). "Pile foundation analysis and design." John Wiley & Sons.
[4] Reese, L. C., & O'Neill, M. W. (1988). "Pile foundation design." John Wiley & Sons.
[5] Randolph, M. F., & Gaudin, C. (2006). "Pile foundation design for offshore wind turbines." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 94(13), 831-844.

Q: What is the purpose of the study?

A: The purpose of the study is to analyze the carrying capacity of a single bore pile foundation with a diameter of one meter, both from the results of the loading test and through the element method to those using soft soil models (soft soil).

Q: What is the significance of the study?

A: The study is significant because it provides an important insight for engineers and planners in choosing the right method to analyze the carrying capacity of the foundation, especially in soft soil conditions. The sustainability of development projects can be more guaranteed by understanding the interaction between structure and soil using the appropriate analysis method.

Q: What are the limitations of the study?

A: The study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted on a single bore pile foundation, and the results may not be applicable to other types of foundations.
The study used a limited number of loading tests, and the results may not be representative of the behavior of the foundation under different loading conditions.
The study did not investigate the behavior of the foundation under different soil conditions, such as different types of soils and different moisture contents.

Q: What are the recommendations of the study?

A: The study recommends the following:

The use of soft soil models in the analysis of carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions is recommended.
The element method is a suitable numerical analysis technique for simulating the behavior of complex systems, such as soil-structure interactions.
Further research is needed to investigate the behavior of soft soils under different loading conditions and to develop more accurate models for predicting the carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: The study recommends the following future research directions:

Investigating the behavior of soft soils under different loading conditions, such as different types of loads and different loading rates.
Developing more accurate models for predicting the carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions.
Investigating the behavior of different types of foundations, such as pile foundations and raft foundations, in soft soil conditions.

Q: What are the implications of the study?

A: The study has several implications, including:

The study provides an important insight for engineers and planners in choosing the right method to analyze the carrying capacity of the foundation, especially in soft soil conditions.
The study highlights the importance of understanding the interaction between structure and soil using the appropriate analysis method.
The study emphasizes the need for further research to investigate the behavior of soft soils under different loading conditions and to develop more accurate models for predicting the carrying capacity of foundations in soft soil conditions.

Q: What are the conclusions of the study?

A: The study concludes that although there are differences in the results of the analysis between the calculation method and the loading test, the difference is not too significant and is still within the safe limit. These results provide an important insight for engineers and planners in choosing the right method to analyze the carrying capacity of the foundation, especially in soft soil conditions.

Keywords: bore pile foundation, loading test, soft soil, element method, numerical analysis, soil-structure interaction, carrying capacity, foundation design, geotechnical engineering.

References:

[1] Davisson, M. T. (1962). "The behavior of piles under lateral load." Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 88(3), 1-26.
[2] Mazurkiewicz, B. (1965). "The behavior of piles under axial load." Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 91(3), 1-24.
[3] Poulos, H. G. (1987). "Pile foundation analysis and design." John Wiley & Sons.
[4] Reese, L. C., & O'Neill, M. W. (1988). "Pile foundation design." John Wiley & Sons.
[5] Randolph, M. F., & Gaudin, C. (2006). "Pile foundation design for offshore wind turbines." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 94(13), 831-844.