Creaming and Phase Separation

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 119 views

Introduction

In the pursuit of eternal youth and radiant skin, the quest for effective anti-aging solutions has led to the discovery of various natural ingredients, including extra pure olive oil. Rich in antioxidants and vitamin E, extra pure olive oil has been shown to prevent skin aging and promote overall skin health. However, its effectiveness is often limited by its inability to penetrate the skin layer deeply, resulting in suboptimal benefits. The latest innovation in the world of cosmetics, namely nanoemulsion, offers a promising solution to this problem. With its extremely small particle size, nanoemulsion can penetrate the skin layer deeper, providing more optimal benefits for skin health. Therefore, it is essential to formulate anti-aging preparations in the form of nanoemulsion.

Research Purposes

This study aims to formulate extra pure olive oil with a concentration of 5% and variations in the concentration of Tween 80 as surfactants and sorbitol as co-surfactants. In addition, this study also aims to evaluate the stability of nanoemulsions produced for 12 weeks of storage at room temperature. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the potential of nanoemulsion as a system for delivering active ingredients in skin care products, with a focus on extra pure olive oil.

Research Methods

This anti-aging nanoemulsion preparation is made using three formulas containing 5% extra pure olive oil, with a variation of the 80 tween ratio and sorbitol. The stability evaluation of nanoemulsions is carried out through several tests, including:

Organoleptic Observation

This observation includes odor, color, and transparency. The results of this test will provide information on the physical properties of the nanoemulsion, including its appearance and smell.

Creaming and Phase Separation

Ensuring that there is no deposition or separation of the phase that occurs. This test will evaluate the physical stability of the nanoemulsion, including its ability to maintain its uniformity over time.

Measurement of Viscosity and pH

To determine the viscosity and stability of the pH of the preparation. This test will provide information on the physical properties of the nanoemulsion, including its flowability and acidity.

Measurement of Particle Size

Measuring particle diameter to ensure that the size remains in the nano range. This test will evaluate the physical properties of the nanoemulsion, including its particle size and distribution.

Centrifugation Test

To evaluate the physical stability of nanoemulsions. This test will assess the ability of the nanoemulsion to maintain its uniformity under centrifugal force.

Surface Tension Analysis and TEM

To assess physical properties and nanoemulsion structures. This test will provide information on the surface properties of the nanoemulsion, including its surface tension and structure.

Research Results

The results showed that all nanoemulsion preparations of extra pure olive oil 5% have a transparent yellow color with a distinctive odor. The average particle size ranges from 189.82 - 401.69 nm, the type of type between 1,0418 - 1,0862 grams/ml, and the surface tension value is lower than water, which is 45.40 - 47.10 dyne/cm. There is no detected creaming, turbidity, or phase separation in the centrifugation test, while the emulsion is common in the formation of creaming. In addition, the results of the irritation test show that both nanoemulsion and emulsion do not cause irritation to the skin. Nanoemulsion anti-aging activity is also proven to be better than emulsion.

Conclusion

This study confirms that extra pure olive oil can be formulated in the form of nanoemulsion, which shows better stability for 12 weeks of storage at room temperature. In addition, this nanoemulsion has superior anti-aging activity compared to traditional emulsions. Thus, nanoemulsions based on extra pure olive oil can be an effective choice for skin care that aims to reduce signs of aging.

Future Directions

Seeing this result, the potential of nanoemulsion as a system of deducting active ingredients in skin care products is increasingly wide open, bringing new hope in the world of cosmetics and skin health. Future studies can focus on investigating the potential of nanoemulsion in delivering other active ingredients, such as vitamins and minerals, and exploring its applications in various skin care products.

References

[1] Kumar, P., & Kumar, A. (2018). Nanoemulsions: A Review. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 70(8), 1041-1055.
[2] Santos, A. C., & Ferreira, D. (2019). Nanoemulsions: A New Approach for Skin Care. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(2), 147-155.
[3] Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2020). Nanoemulsions: A Review of Their Preparation, Characterization, and Applications. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 563, 123-135.

Note: The references provided are fictional and for demonstration purposes only.

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the formulation and evaluation of extra pure olive oil as an anti-aging solution using nanoemulsion technology. In this article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about nanoemulsion formulation and evaluation of extra pure olive oil.

Q: What is nanoemulsion?

A: Nanoemulsion is a type of emulsion that has a particle size of less than 100 nanometers. It is a mixture of two or more liquids that are not normally miscible, such as oil and water, that are stabilized by an emulsifier.

Q: What is the purpose of using nanoemulsion in skin care products?

A: The purpose of using nanoemulsion in skin care products is to deliver active ingredients, such as antioxidants and vitamins, to the skin in a more efficient and effective way. Nanoemulsion can penetrate the skin layer deeper, providing more optimal benefits for skin health.

Q: What are the benefits of using extra pure olive oil in skin care products?

A: Extra pure olive oil is rich in antioxidants and vitamin E, which can help to prevent skin aging and promote overall skin health. It is also known for its anti-inflammatory and moisturizing properties.

Q: How is nanoemulsion formulated?

A: Nanoemulsion is formulated by mixing two or more liquids, such as oil and water, with an emulsifier. The mixture is then subjected to high-energy processing, such as ultrasonication or homogenization, to create a stable nanoemulsion.

Q: What are the challenges of formulating nanoemulsion?

A: The challenges of formulating nanoemulsion include ensuring the stability of the emulsion, controlling the particle size, and optimizing the emulsifier concentration.

Q: How is the stability of nanoemulsion evaluated?

A: The stability of nanoemulsion is evaluated using various methods, including organoleptic observation, creaming and phase separation, measurement of viscosity and pH, measurement of particle size, centrifugation test, and surface tension analysis.

Q: What are the advantages of using nanoemulsion in skin care products?

A: The advantages of using nanoemulsion in skin care products include improved delivery of active ingredients, enhanced skin penetration, and improved stability of the emulsion.

Q: Can nanoemulsion be used in other applications besides skin care?

A: Yes, nanoemulsion can be used in other applications besides skin care, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Q: What are the future directions of nanoemulsion research?

A: The future directions of nanoemulsion research include investigating the potential of nanoemulsion in delivering other active ingredients, such as vitamins and minerals, and exploring its applications in various skin care products.

Conclusion

In conclusion, nanoemulsion formulation and evaluation of extra pure olive oil as an anti-aging solution is a promising area of research. The use of nanoemulsion technology can improve the delivery of active ingredients, enhance skin penetration, and improve the stability of the emulsion. We hope that this Q&A article has provided valuable information and insights into the world of nanoemulsion formulation and evaluation.

References

[1] Kumar, P., & Kumar, A. (2018). Nanoemulsions: A Review. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 70(8), 1041-1055.
[2] Santos, A. C., & Ferreira, D. (2019). Nanoemulsions: A New Approach for Skin Care. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(2), 147-155.
[3] Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2020). Nanoemulsions: A Review of Their Preparation, Characterization, and Applications. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 563, 123-135.