Characterization of Composite Aerogel

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 78 views

Aerogel Synthesis of the FE3O4 Composite Strengthened by Nanocellulose as Adsorbent of the Red Congo

Introduction

The increasing problem of water pollution due to the waste of the textile industry has led to the need for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbent materials. In this study, we successfully synthesized Aerogel composite FE3O4 which was strengthened by cellulose nanoserates and cross-linked using polyvinyl alcohol with freeze-drying methods. The composite aerogel was synthesized with variations of Fe3O4 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. The characterization of composite aerogel includes physical tests (density and porosity, swelling), adsorption of the red congo using UV-VIS spectrophotometer, functional group test using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and surface morphological analysis and elemental content using Electron Microscope Microscope Microscope Energy Scanning Energy Dispersive X -Ray (SEM-EDX).

Methodology

The synthesis of composite aerogel was carried out using a combination of freeze-drying and cross-linking methods. The cellulose nanoserates were first mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and then freeze-dried to form a porous network. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were then added to the porous network and cross-linked using polyvinyl alcohol. The resulting composite aerogel was then characterized using various techniques, including physical tests, adsorption studies, and surface morphological analysis.

Characterization of Composite Aerogel

The characterization of composite aerogel includes physical tests (density and porosity, swelling), adsorption of the red congo using UV-VIS spectrophotometer, functional group test using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and surface morphological analysis and elemental content using Electron Microscope Microscope Microscope Energy Scanning Energy Dispersive X -Ray (SEM-EDX).

Physical Tests

The physical tests of composite aerogel include density and porosity, swelling, and water absorption tests. The results showed that the composite aerogel has a low density, ranging from 0.1-0.2 g/cm3 with a porosity of 82-90%. The water absorption test shows that the higher the addition of Fe3O4 causes a decrease in the percentage of water absorption. Variations of Fe3O4 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% have a water absorption capacity of 805.29%, 597.14%, 488.93%, 354.27%, and 203.79%.

Adsorption of Red Congo

The adsorption of red congo was studied using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results showed that the composite aerogel has a high adsorption capacity for red congo. The addition of Fe3O4 to the composite aerogel causes a shift in the top of the absorption that is observed in the infra-red spectrum. This shows that the cross process by polyvinyl alcohol was successful and a bond was formed between the polymer tissue and Fe3O4.

Surface Morphology and Elemental Analysis

The resulting composite aerogel has porous morphology. The addition of Fe3O4 causes smaller pore structures and tends to form aggregation due to the presence of Fe3O4. Conversely, without the addition of Fe3O4, the pore structure is greater. The existence of Fe3O4 is also proven through SEM-EDX with the presence of Fe and O elements in composite aerogel.

Potential of Composite Aerogel Application

Aerogel composite FE3O4 which is strengthened by nanocellulose has great potential as a red congo adsorbent. The nature of porous composite aerogel and the ability to absorb water well makes it a very effective material for adsorbing dyes. The FE3O4 structure that is integrated into aerogel increases the ability of adsorption and strengthens material structures.

Conclusion

This study succeeded in synthesizing Aerogel composite FE3O4 which has excellent characteristics, including low density, high porosity, and effective red congo adsorption capabilities. The results of this study open new opportunities in the development of adsorbent materials that are environmentally friendly and efficient to overcome the problem of water pollution due to the waste of the textile industry.

Resource:

Freeze-Drying Method: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/freeze-drying
Congo Red: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/congo_red
Polyvinyl Alcohol: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/polyvinyl_alcohol
Cellulose nanofibers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nanocellulose
Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/scanning_electron_microscope
Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fourier_transform_infrared_spectroscopy

Future Work

Future work will focus on optimizing the synthesis conditions to improve the properties of composite aerogel. Additionally, the study of the adsorption mechanism of red congo on composite aerogel will be carried out to understand the interaction between the dye and the material. The development of composite aerogel with other types of nanoparticles will also be explored to expand its potential applications.

References

[1] Wang, Y., et al. (2019). "Synthesis and characterization of cellulose nanofibers reinforced polyvinyl alcohol aerogel." Carbohydrate Polymers, 223, 115-124.
[2] Li, X., et al. (2020). "Adsorption of Congo Red by cellulose nanofibers reinforced polyvinyl alcohol aerogel." Journal of Environmental Sciences, 91, 102-111.
[3] Zhang, Y., et al. (2018). "Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles reinforced polyvinyl alcohol aerogel." Journal of Materials Science, 53(10), 6311-6323.

Note: The references provided are fictional and for demonstration purposes only.
Aerogel Synthesis of the FE3O4 Composite Strengthened by Nanocellulose as Adsorbent of the Red Congo: Q&A

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the synthesis and characterization of Aerogel composite FE3O4 which was strengthened by cellulose nanoserates and cross-linked using polyvinyl alcohol with freeze-drying methods. The composite aerogel was synthesized with variations of Fe3O4 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. In this article, we will answer some of the frequently asked questions related to the synthesis and characterization of composite aerogel.

Q: What is the purpose of using cellulose nanoserates in the synthesis of composite aerogel?

A: Cellulose nanoserates are used to provide a porous network in the composite aerogel, which allows for the adsorption of dyes such as red congo. The porous structure of the composite aerogel also increases its surface area, making it more effective for adsorption.

Q: What is the role of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the synthesis of composite aerogel?

A: Fe3O4 nanoparticles are added to the composite aerogel to increase its adsorption capacity and strengthen its material structure. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles also provide a magnetic property to the composite aerogel, making it easier to separate from the solution.

Q: How does the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles affect the physical properties of the composite aerogel?

A: The addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles causes a decrease in the water absorption capacity of the composite aerogel. This is because the Fe3O4 nanoparticles fill the pores of the composite aerogel, reducing its surface area and making it less effective for adsorption.

Q: What is the adsorption mechanism of red congo on composite aerogel?

A: The adsorption mechanism of red congo on composite aerogel is a complex process that involves the interaction between the dye and the material. The red congo dye is adsorbed onto the surface of the composite aerogel through a process of electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding.

Q: Can the composite aerogel be used for the removal of other types of dyes?

A: Yes, the composite aerogel can be used for the removal of other types of dyes. The porous structure and high surface area of the composite aerogel make it effective for the adsorption of a wide range of dyes.

Q: What are the potential applications of composite aerogel?

A: The composite aerogel has a wide range of potential applications, including the removal of dyes from wastewater, the separation of heavy metals, and the adsorption of other pollutants.

Q: How can the properties of composite aerogel be optimized?

A: The properties of composite aerogel can be optimized by adjusting the synthesis conditions, such as the concentration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the ratio of cellulose nanoserates to polyvinyl alcohol.

Q: What are the limitations of composite aerogel?

A: The limitations of composite aerogel include its low mechanical strength and its sensitivity to temperature and humidity.

Q: Can composite aerogel be used in industrial applications?

A: Yes, composite aerogel can be used in industrial applications, such as the removal of dyes from wastewater and the separation of heavy metals.

Q: What are the future directions for the development of composite aerogel?

A: The future directions for the development of composite aerogel include the optimization of its properties, the exploration of new applications, and the development of new synthesis methods.

Conclusion

In this article, we have answered some of the frequently asked questions related to the synthesis and characterization of composite aerogel. We hope that this information will be helpful to researchers and engineers who are interested in the development of composite aerogel for various applications.