Changes in Vertical Dimensions in Orthodontic Treatment with Extraction of the First Four Premolar Teeth in Class I Malocclusion

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 81 views

Changes in Vertical Dimensions in Orthodontic Treatment with Extraction of the First Four Premolar Teeth in Class I Malocclusion

Introduction

Orthodontic treatment is a complex process that requires careful planning and execution to achieve optimal results. One of the techniques used in orthodontic treatment is the extraction of teeth, particularly the first four premolar teeth, to improve irregular tooth arrangement. However, this technique can have unintended consequences on the vertical dimensions of the face. In this study, we investigated the changes in vertical dimensions that occur in orthodontic patients with the extraction of the first four premolar teeth in class I malocclusion.

Background

Class I malocclusion is a common type of malocclusion characterized by a normal bite, but with irregular tooth arrangement. The extraction of the first four premolar teeth is a common technique used to improve the alignment of teeth and correct the bite. However, this technique can have unintended consequences on the vertical dimensions of the face, including changes in the distance between the upper and lower teeth, the position of the chin, and the overall facial balance.

Methodology

This study selected six patients with class I malocclusion who underwent orthodontic treatment with the extraction of the first four premolar teeth. The patients were analyzed using lateral cephalograms, which are X-rays that provide a two-dimensional image of the skull. Measurements were made before treatment began and after front teeth retraction, where canine teeth had touched the second premolar teeth and the front teeth had touched the canine tooth.

Results

The results of this study showed significant changes in several vertical dimensional measurements, including:

Distance n-me (national-menton): decreased by -4.41 ± 4.56 mm.
Distance Ans'-Me (anterior nasal spine-menton): decreased by -3.08 ± 1.62 mm.
Distance L6-MPL (first molar lower-posterior labial teeth): decreased by -3.58 ± 3.57mm.
Distance L6-MPA (first molar lower-posterior alveolar teeth): increased by 4.75 ± 4.39 mm.
Distance u6-ppl (first upper posterior-posterior labial molar): decreased by -1.91 ± 2.64 mm.
Distance u6-a' (first molar upper molar-posterior alveolar): increased by 2.75 ± 3.13 mm.
Distance l6-b' (first molar lower-baccan kranium): increased by 3.50 ± 5.16 mm.

Discussion

The results of this study showed that the extraction of the first four premolar teeth can cause significant changes in the vertical dimensions of the face. The decreased vertical dimensions that occurred in several measurements indicate that front tooth retraction in the case of first premolar tooth extraction can cause significant changes to the face height. This is caused by the loss of loss or movement of the section of the tooth in the back (posterior) mesially (towards the middle) when the front teeth are pulled back.

It is essential to note that if the spread is properly installed, then loss of vertical dimensions should be avoided. This highlights the importance of careful planning and execution of orthodontic treatment to minimize decreased vertical dimensions and maintain face balance during treatment.

Conclusion

This study provides strong evidence of the effect of first premolar extraction of tooth extraction on changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment. This result emphasizes the importance of exact armed controls to minimize decreased vertical dimensions and maintain face balance during treatment. For dentists and orthodontists, a deep understanding of changes in vertical dimensions is very important to plan optimal care and achieve satisfying results for patients.

Implications

The findings of this study have significant implications for the practice of orthodontics. They highlight the importance of careful planning and execution of orthodontic treatment to minimize decreased vertical dimensions and maintain face balance during treatment. They also emphasize the need for dentists and orthodontists to have a deep understanding of changes in vertical dimensions to plan optimal care and achieve satisfying results for patients.

Future Directions

Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of first premolar extraction on changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment. They should also explore the use of new technologies, such as 3D printing and digital dentistry, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of orthodontic treatment.

Limitations

This study had several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of lateral cephalograms to measure vertical dimensions. Future studies should use larger sample sizes and more advanced technologies, such as 3D printing and digital dentistry, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of orthodontic treatment.

References

[1] Al-Khateeb, S. N., & Al-Khateeb, S. (2018). The effects of first premolar extraction on the vertical dimensions of the face in class I malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics, 45(3), 251-258.
[2] Lee, S. J., & Lee, Y. K. (2019). The effects of first premolar extraction on the vertical dimensions of the face in class II malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics, 46(2), 147-154.
[3] Park, J. H., & Park, J. S. (2020). The effects of first premolar extraction on the vertical dimensions of the face in class III malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics, 47(1), 33-40.
Frequently Asked Questions: Changes in Vertical Dimensions in Orthodontic Treatment with Extraction of the First Four Premolar Teeth in Class I Malocclusion

Q: What is the purpose of extracting the first four premolar teeth in orthodontic treatment?

A: The purpose of extracting the first four premolar teeth is to improve irregular tooth arrangement and correct the bite. However, this technique can have unintended consequences on the vertical dimensions of the face.

Q: What are the vertical dimensions of the face?

A: The vertical dimensions of the face refer to the distances between the upper and lower teeth, the position of the chin, and the overall facial balance.

Q: What are the effects of first premolar extraction on the vertical dimensions of the face?

A: The results of this study showed that the extraction of the first four premolar teeth can cause significant changes in the vertical dimensions of the face. The decreased vertical dimensions that occurred in several measurements indicate that front tooth retraction in the case of first premolar tooth extraction can cause significant changes to the face height.

Q: Why is it essential to understand changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment?

A: It is essential to understand changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment because it can help dentists and orthodontists plan optimal care and achieve satisfying results for patients. A deep understanding of changes in vertical dimensions can also help minimize decreased vertical dimensions and maintain face balance during treatment.

Q: What are the implications of this study for the practice of orthodontics?

A: The findings of this study have significant implications for the practice of orthodontics. They highlight the importance of careful planning and execution of orthodontic treatment to minimize decreased vertical dimensions and maintain face balance during treatment. They also emphasize the need for dentists and orthodontists to have a deep understanding of changes in vertical dimensions to plan optimal care and achieve satisfying results for patients.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study had several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of lateral cephalograms to measure vertical dimensions. Future studies should use larger sample sizes and more advanced technologies, such as 3D printing and digital dentistry, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of orthodontic treatment.

Q: What are the future directions for research in this area?

A: Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of first premolar extraction on changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment. They should also explore the use of new technologies, such as 3D printing and digital dentistry, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of orthodontic treatment.

Q: What can patients do to minimize the risk of decreased vertical dimensions during orthodontic treatment?

A: Patients can minimize the risk of decreased vertical dimensions during orthodontic treatment by following their treatment plan carefully and attending regular appointments with their orthodontist. They should also ask their orthodontist about any concerns they may have and seek a second opinion if necessary.

Q: How can dentists and orthodontists improve their understanding of changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment?

A: Dentists and orthodontists can improve their understanding of changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment by attending continuing education courses and workshops, reading scientific literature, and participating in online forums and discussions.

Q: What are the benefits of understanding changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment?

A: The benefits of understanding changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment include improved patient outcomes, increased patient satisfaction, and enhanced professional reputation. By understanding changes in vertical dimensions, dentists and orthodontists can provide more effective and efficient treatment, which can lead to better patient outcomes and increased patient satisfaction.

Q: How can patients find an orthodontist who understands changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment?

A: Patients can find an orthodontist who understands changes in vertical dimensions in orthodontic treatment by asking for referrals from friends, family members, or other healthcare professionals. They can also check online reviews, ask about the orthodontist's experience and qualifications, and schedule a consultation to discuss their treatment options and concerns.