Advantages of Green Diesel

Oct 13, 2025 by wbrum.org 94 views

Introduction

The world is shifting towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy source, and one of the promising alternatives is green diesel. Green diesel is a diesel fuel produced from the hydrogenation of vegetable oil, which has several advantages over fossil-based biodiesel and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). In this article, we will discuss the prancangan (design) of a factory that produces green diesel from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) with a production capacity of 100,000 tons per year.

Advantages of Green Diesel

Green diesel has several advantages over traditional diesel fuel. Firstly, it has a higher cetane number, which ranges from 55-90, making it a cleaner-burning fuel. Additionally, green diesel has a lower sulfur content, which reduces air pollution and has a positive impact on the environment. It also has good oxygen stability and a clearer color, making it a more desirable fuel for consumers.

Production Process

The production process of green diesel involves catalytic hydroprocess and hydrodeoxygenation reactions. These reactions are in accordance with the characteristics of PFAD raw materials, which are rich in fatty acids and are included in the category of non-food vegetable oils. The hydrodeoxygenation reactor is a key component in the green diesel production process, and it is designed to be highly efficient in converting PFAD into a quality green diesel.

Hydrodeoxygenation Reactor Design

The hydrodeoxygenation reactor is designed to be a Fixed Bed Multitube Reactor, with a catalyst of Palladium in Gamma Alumina (PD/γ-al2O3). The reactor has a total mass of 631,307 kg and is constructed from SA-299 carbon steel. It has 39 tubes, each with a thickness of 1 1/4 inch, and a shell diameter of 60 inches with a thickness of 3/4 inch. The reactor height is 10,940 m, making it a large and complex piece of equipment.

Factory Economic Analysis

The economic analysis of the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD shows that it is feasible to be established. The total investment capital required is Rp 3,231,081,337,588,53, while the total production costs are Rp 1,086,487,515,642.47. The sales revenue is expected to be Rp 2,095,934,457,983.03, resulting in a net profit of Rp 671,528,691,103.97. The profit margin is 45.767%, while the break point (BEP) is 23.246%. The investment return (ROI) is 20.794%, and the return time (pot) is 4 years 11 months. The network returns (RON) are 34,657%, and the internal return rate (IRR) is 26.913%.

Conclusion

The establishment of the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD with the addition of the isomerization process is a strategic step in the development of sustainable energy sources. In addition to meeting environmentally friendly energy needs, this factory also has the potential to provide economic benefits for the community and the surrounding area. With the support of appropriate technology and efficient management, this factory is expected to contribute to the optimal and sustainable use of vegetable resources.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The government should provide support and incentives for the establishment of green diesel manufacturing factories, such as tax breaks and subsidies.
The factory should be designed and constructed with the latest technology and equipment to ensure high efficiency and productivity.
The factory should implement a robust quality control system to ensure that the green diesel produced meets the required standards.
The factory should also implement a sustainable and environmentally friendly management system to minimize its impact on the environment.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions for this study include:

Conducting a detailed feasibility study to determine the viability of the green diesel manufacturing factory.
Conducting a detailed design and engineering study to determine the optimal design and layout of the factory.
Conducting a detailed economic analysis to determine the potential economic benefits of the factory.
Conducting a detailed environmental impact assessment to determine the potential environmental impacts of the factory.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

The study is based on a hypothetical factory design and does not take into account the actual costs and benefits of establishing a green diesel manufacturing factory.
The study assumes that the factory will be established in a location with a suitable climate and infrastructure.
The study does not take into account the potential risks and challenges associated with establishing a green diesel manufacturing factory.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the prancangan of a green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD with the addition of the isomerization process is a promising alternative to traditional diesel fuel. The factory has the potential to provide economic benefits for the community and the surrounding area, while also meeting environmentally friendly energy needs. With the support of appropriate technology and efficient management, this factory is expected to contribute to the optimal and sustainable use of vegetable resources.

Q: What is green diesel?

A: Green diesel is a diesel fuel produced from the hydrogenation of vegetable oil, which has several advantages over fossil-based biodiesel and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).

Q: What are the advantages of green diesel?

A: Green diesel has a higher cetane number, which ranges from 55-90, making it a cleaner-burning fuel. Additionally, green diesel has a lower sulfur content, which reduces air pollution and has a positive impact on the environment. It also has good oxygen stability and a clearer color, making it a more desirable fuel for consumers.

Q: What is PFAD?

A: PFAD stands for Palm Fatty Acid Distillate, which is a by-product of the palm oil refining process. It is a rich source of fatty acids and is included in the category of non-food vegetable oils.

Q: What is the production process of green diesel?

A: The production process of green diesel involves catalytic hydroprocess and hydrodeoxygenation reactions. These reactions are in accordance with the characteristics of PFAD raw materials, which are rich in fatty acids and are included in the category of non-food vegetable oils.

Q: What is the hydrodeoxygenation reactor?

A: The hydrodeoxygenation reactor is a key component in the green diesel production process. It is designed to be a Fixed Bed Multitube Reactor, with a catalyst of Palladium in Gamma Alumina (PD/γ-al2O3).

Q: What are the specifications of the hydrodeoxygenation reactor?

A: The hydrodeoxygenation reactor has a total mass of 631,307 kg and is constructed from SA-299 carbon steel. It has 39 tubes, each with a thickness of 1 1/4 inch, and a shell diameter of 60 inches with a thickness of 3/4 inch. The reactor height is 10,940 m.

Q: What is the economic analysis of the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The economic analysis of the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD shows that it is feasible to be established. The total investment capital required is Rp 3,231,081,337,588,53, while the total production costs are Rp 1,086,487,515,642.47. The sales revenue is expected to be Rp 2,095,934,457,983.03, resulting in a net profit of Rp 671,528,691,103.97.

Q: What are the potential benefits of the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD has the potential to provide economic benefits for the community and the surrounding area, while also meeting environmentally friendly energy needs. With the support of appropriate technology and efficient management, this factory is expected to contribute to the optimal and sustainable use of vegetable resources.

Q: What are the potential risks and challenges associated with establishing a green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The potential risks and challenges associated with establishing a green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD include the high initial investment costs, the need for specialized equipment and technology, and the potential environmental impacts of the factory.

Q: What is the expected return on investment (ROI) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected ROI for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 20.794%, which is a relatively high return on investment.

Q: What is the expected return time (pot) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected return time (pot) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short return time.

Q: What is the expected profit margin (PM) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected profit margin (PM) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 45.767%, which is a relatively high profit margin.

Q: What is the expected break point (BEP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected break point (BEP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 23.246%, which is a relatively low break point.

Q: What is the expected internal return rate (IRR) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected internal return rate (IRR) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 26.913%, which is a relatively high internal return rate.

Q: What is the expected network returns (RON) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected network returns (RON) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 34,657%, which is a relatively high network return.

Q: What is the expected return on network (RON) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected return on network (RON) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 34,657%, which is a relatively high return on network.

Q: What is the expected internal rate of return (IRR) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected internal rate of return (IRR) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 26.913%, which is a relatively high internal rate of return.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of cash flow?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of cash flow is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of investment?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of investment is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of return on investment (ROI)?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of return on investment (ROI) is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of internal rate of return (IRR)?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of internal rate of return (IRR) is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of network returns (RON)?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of network returns (RON) is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of internal return rate (IRR)?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of internal return rate (IRR) is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.

Q: What is the expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of return on network (RON)?

A: The expected payback period (PBP) for the green diesel manufacturing factory from PFAD in terms of return on network (RON) is 4 years 11 months, which is a relatively short payback period.